Rachel Scavera's List: ENG 280 final project

• Textbooks and technical, scientific, and professional books provide nearly half of the revenues of the book publishing industry. The other half consists of adult trade—the fiction and nonfiction books found in a typical bookstore—and juvenile, religious, paperback, mail-order, book club, and reference books.
• two types of magazines—business-to-business, called "trade," and consumer magazines. Trade magazines serve a particular industry, profession, or service, while consumer magazines are written for general audiences
• Directory and mailing list publishers produce collections and compilations of data and information for residential and business customers. The most common directories are the telephone directories known as the white pages and yellow pages.
• small advertisers may require the help of copywriters and graphic artists in the publisher's advertising department to create an advertisement
• dominant printing process used to produce newspapers is lithography
• newspaper industry is dominated by several large corporations that own most of the newspapers in the country.
• companies to buy several newspapers in a single region so that they can be produced more efficiently. This is known as "clustering."
• Table 1. Percent distribution of employment and establishments in publishing, except software, by detailed industry sector, 2008   

  Industry segment

  Employment

  Establishments

     <!-- ********************************* /HEAD ************************************** --> <!-- ********************************* BODY ************************************** -->     

  Total

   

  100.0

   

  100.0

      

  Newspapers

   

  52.6

   

  35.4

     

  Periodicals

   

  22.8

   

  35.5

     

  Book publishing

   

  12.9

   

  15.7

     

  Directory and mailing lists

   

  7.3

   

  7.5

     

  Other publishers

   

  4.4

   

  5.9
• Book publishing is dominated by a few very large companies. However, some mid-size and small publishers across the country are thriving, particularly those that specialize in certain subjects.
• Magazine, or periodical, publishers run the gamut from small one- or two-person shops to large media conglomerates that may publish dozens of magazines.
• Newspapers, in particular, and many magazines have extensive Web sites that are updated around the clock as news breaks
• Some magazines are even publishing solely on the Internet
• Books are also beginning to be reproduced electronically
• Computerization, especially digital technology, is having a significant impact on the publishing industry
• average nonsupervisory production worker in newspaper publishing worked 33.6 hours per week in 2008
• 35.7 hours per week in book publishing
• nonsupervisory production workers worked an average of 36.5 hours per week in periodical publishing
• Meeting deadlines is one of the primary conditions of employment in this industry
• employees frequently may be required to work overtime
• varied working conditions
• Newspaper publishing companies employ the largest number of workers in this industry,
• magazine and book publishers are based mostly in large cities. The largest concentration of publishers is in New York City. Although 52 percent of the establishments in the publishing industry have less than 5 employees, 40 percent of jobs are in establishments with over 250 employees.
• variations in the number and type of workers employed occur by type of publication
• book publishing companies employ few writers
• newspapers employ a large number of writers and reporters
• Writers and authors and reporters and correspondents, who comprise the majority of publishing's professional and related occupations, write the articles, stories, and other text that end up in publications. Writers are assigned stories to write by editors.
• Copywriters, who write advertising copy, also are common in this industry
• Editors assign, review, rewrite, and correct the work of writers. They may also do original writing
• executive editor generally has the final say about what will be published and how it will be covered and presented
• Managing editors are responsible for the day-to-day operation of the editorial department
• Copy editors review manuscripts or reporters' copy for accuracy, content, grammar, and style
• Associate and assistant editors give assignments to writers and reporters, oversee projects, and do much of the editing of text
• art and design workers and photographers, whose work often complements the written material. They illustrate children's books, photograph news events, design book jackets and magazine covers, and lay out every page of publications
• art director determines the overall look of the publication, overseeing placement of text, artwork, and photographs and any advertising on the page, and selecting type sizes and styles, or fonts
• Industrial production managers, with the help of production and planning clerks, oversee the production of the publication. They set up production schedules and see that deadlines are met. They also try to keep printing costs low while maintaining product integrity
• Prepress technicians scan images and do page layout and camera work
• rinting machine operators set up and run the printing presses to produce the printed materials
• Driver/sales workers and delivery truck drivers deliver the newspapers to newsstands and residential customers
• advertising sales agents, who generate most of the revenue for these publications
• Classified advertising sales are handled by telemarketers or customer service representatives, depending on the origin of the call
• Advertising and promotions managers, called circulation directors at some magazines and newspapers, study trends and devise promotion campaigns to generate new readers
• Public relations specialists promote books by setting up media interviews with authors and book signings, and by placing advertisements in relevant publications
• Sales representatives go to places, such as libraries, schools, and bookstores, to promote the sale of their books.
• variety of general managers, accountants, and administrative support staff who help to run the company
• computer specialists to keep the computer systems running and to implement new technologies
• chief executives, of a company. Publishers are in charge of the business side of the organization and are responsible for implementing company policies
• Subsidiary rights and permissions personnel are business operations specialists, who negotiate the copyrights for material and also license to others the right to reproduce or reprint copyrighted material
• Stock clerks and order fillers and customer service representatives keep track of books in publisher's warehouses and respond to customer inquiries
• Audio books, for example, require sound engineering technicians to transfer the books to tape or CD.
• ability to communicate well is one of the most important skills needed to enter the publishing industry. Computer literacy also is becoming a requirement for almost everyone seeking work in this industry, and the ability to meet tight deadlines is a must for most workers
• nonentry-level jobs in this industry require experience
• Experience can be obtained by working for a school newspaper or by performing an internship with a publishing company
• Others break into the field by doing freelance work.
• Writers, reporters, and editors generally need a bachelor's degree. Most people in these occupations majored in English, communication, or journalism
• college degree is preferred for most advertising, sales, and marketing positions that require meetings with clients. Courses in marketing, communication, business, and advertising are helpful
• more important for success are excellent communication and interpersonal skills. Those in advertising and sales must be able to get along with others, as well as be self-motivated, well-organized, persistent, independent, and able to handle rejection
• ost prepress technicians and printing machine operators learn through a combination of formal education and by working alongside experienced workers
• Employment in publishing is expected to decline as newspapers continue to lose subscribers and jobs, but book, periodical and directory publishing remain stable. Keen competition can be expected for most job openings for writers, editors, and reporters, particularly with nationally known publications
• wage and salary employment in publishing, except software, is projected to decline 19 percent, compared with 11 percent growth for all industries combined
• need for workers in the publishing industry usually varies with the economy. When the economy is depressed, advertising declines, and publishers look to cut costs and personnel
• The best job opportunities in the future will be for those who have good computer skills and are trained to work in multiple mediums
• ob opportunities will vary among occupations.
• Average weekly earnings for workers in the publishing industry varied by type of publication
• 10 percent of workers in the publishing industry are union members or are covered by a contract as compared to 14 percent for all industries combined

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• Publishing is an apprenticeship industry, meaning that much of what a publishing professional needs to know will be learned on the job
• ADMINISTRATIVE
• manage daily operation
• constant interaction with all levels of employees from all departments, as well as with authors and agents
• Manage a demanding calendar
• Maintain organized files
• Screen/prioritize mail
• Draft correspondence
• Make travel arrangements and prepare itineraries
• Process expense reports
• Take minutes at meetings
• Prepare reports
• Assist in maintaining communications
• ADVERTISING
• urchases media space and creates and designs advertisements paid for by the publishing company.
• works closely with the marketing directors, editors, and publishers of titles to create an advertising plan in order to promote sales of the book
• involves research and negotiation to provide better venues and cost-effective ways to advertise
• work closely with graphic designers, print/radio/commercial sales representatives, printing presses, and internal staff to facilitate the run of each advertisement
• AUDIO
• produce their own?and sometimes other publishers'?books on cassettes and CDs
• auditions and casts readers for each title
• Negotiating performer agreements
• Commissioning music
• Managing studio and talent invoicing
• Creating budgets and production schedules for each title
• Providing input on acquisitions and abridgments

• Evaluating new reading and music talent for future projects
   
• works closely with the publisher and editor of the title to ensure the most appropriate portrayal of the work

• ART & DESIGN
• create a cover and interior design for each title
• direct contact with the editor, marketing director, and publisher of the title
• Scheduling/budgeting with production
• Securing permissions for artwork
• Managing design workflow and outside freelancer designers
• Attending art and design brainstorming meetings
• Researching photo and art archives to find appropriate graphics
• EDITORIAL
• acquires, negotiates, develops, and edits book projects for publication
• editors acquire projects suited to the imprint's publishing strategy
• Preparing acquisitions for transmittal to the production department
• Developing and maintaining relationships with authors, booksellers, and agents
• Performing general administrative duties
• Participating in editorial, design, and marketing meetings
• Reading and evaluating submissions by writing reader's reports
• works very closely with all departments, including marketing, creative services (art and design), production, and sales
• FINANCE
• accurate portrayal of the potential profits and costs of each title
• aids all departments in making the best financial publishing decisions
• Forecasting, budgeting, and strategic planning for departments, titles, and imprints
• Accurately projecting the company's financial performance
• Controlling costs through internal auditing and external research of alternatives
• Developing business plans and models for growth of the company trend analysis
• HUMAN RESOURCES
• works closely with all divisions and departments to ensure the health and happiness of their employees through benefits administration, rewards and recognition, facilitation of company-wide events, and the recruitment of new employees
• iaison between the employee and the employer.
• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
• IT employees are responsible for the creation and maintenance of application and data architecture, as well as for the architecture/design of all databases and repositories to fit the publishing house's needs
• Designing and maintaining an inventory of current applications and business functions that these applications support
• Managing the transition during technological upgrades
• Designing and implementing a process for updating, maintaining, and communicating the Application and Data Architecture with IT staff and business constituents
• Reviewing the design of all databases
• Setting standards for corporate data flows and file transfers
• Reviewing and investigating new applications to enter the IT Production Environment
• Participating in the review, qualification, and recommendation process of new and emerging database technologies in coordination with the technology engineering team
• INTERNET DEVELOPMENT
• responsible for maintaining, developing, and producing Internet sites for the publishing house
• establishing and maintaining relations with online marketing and promotional vendors
• stay abreast of the current activities of the publishing house
• communicate and launch these efforts online through current technologies
• Planning, prioritizing, and implementing new Web initiatives for titles and corporate communications
• Creating and executing online features and special promotions
• Leading management and maintenance of all Web sites
• Consulting with authors in the creation of author Web sites
• Selecting, hiring, and managing freelance staff
• Contracting Web production and design firms
• Aiding in the development of design and coding
• Researching emerging online and Web production technologies
• LEGAL CONTRACTS
• ensures the rights of publication for each title by negotiating and drafting contracts with authors and packagers
• works closely with the publisher and executives, as well as the editorial, rights (foreign and subsidiary), and design staff
• Performing administrative tasks related to the department
• Preparing and approving all vouchers for advance payments due under such contracts
• Preparing and routing rights reversion requests
• Administration and revisions of the database for all pending contracts as well as revisions made to the contracts
• Preparing extracts for contracts prepared by the administrator; approving extracts and ascertaining that the royalty department has sufficient information to prepare accurate royalty statements
• MANAGING EDITORIAL
• responsible for the entire production of a title after acquisition
• develops in-house procedures for control of the workflow from the manuscript to a finished product
• works closely with the editorial and production departments to ensure that the finished book meets projected expectations
• Negotiating signed agreements outlining budget and procedures
• Drawing up production schedules
• Reviewing the entire work before going to press
• Hiring and overseeing the work/schedules of freelancers
• Proofreading and routing jackets and front matter
• Readying author-reviewed, copyedited manuscripts for setting
• Reviewing/trafficking sample designs
• Transferring author corrections to the work
• MARKETING
• responsible for creating, preparing, and establishing marketing strategies and policies for each title by coordinating the efforts of publicity, promotion, advertising, online, and sales
• Preparing all sales presentation materials
• Creating and producing additional account-specific presentation materials
• Creating pricing strategies
• Researching and establishing relations with new markets
• Planning and maintaining sales and marketing schedules
• Measuring the effectiveness of strategies once completed
• PRODUCTION
• coordinates the production and manufacturing of each title
• liaison between editorial, managing editorial, design, production, and outside vendors to create and distribute the final product
• Trafficking of all materials between design and editorial/managing editorial
• Following up on late and/or special schedules
• Estimating of paper quantities and production costs
• Negotiating with suppliers
• Assisting on special projects as necessary
• PROMOTION
• liaison with marketing and publicity directors
• creating effective campaigns to encourage the sales force, buyers, and consumers
• responsible for overseeing the creation of all catalogs, point-of-purchase, and promotional/sales materials
• anaging copywriting, design, and production functions of catalogs and promotion/sales materials
• Reviewing effectiveness of the materials produced in the department
• Managing costs and workload by working with sales and marketing to eliminate unnecessary and/or redundant promotional/sales materials
• Preparing for, attending, and issuing reports on monthly meetings that determine page counts and prices, reprint orders and corrections, and the overall publishing plan for every book on the list
• PUBLICITY
• responsible for promoting each title and author in the media without direct payment to the media communications
• facilitate the publication of each book through mass mailings or pre-published works for review, author tours (radio, television, and public readings/signings), and author and book parties
• Scheduling interviews for broadcast and print media
• Briefing and coaching authors for interviews
• Developing media contacts
• Creating and pitching each title to the media through a press release and/or phone call
• Mailing pre-publication materials
• Developing proper angles and pitches to the scheduling of bookstore appearances and special events
• Updating of databases for reviewers and media contacts
• PUBLISHER'S OFFICE
• oversees the entire life cycle of a title from acquisition to production
• executive decisions for all titles
• sponsors book projects, strategies, and initiatives for the company or assigned imprints
• PURCHASING
• works to ensure the most accurate pricing from vendors of office, production, manufacturing, and as-needed materials for the company
• department sources and places while establishing and maintaining good contacts with suppliers
• Monitoring vendor performance to assure highest possible service level at lowest possible prices
• Monitoring employee and departmental compliance with corporate purchasing guidelines
• Reviewing and coding invoices for office supplies, stationery, subscriptions, paper storage, and freight
• Compiling monthly debits to departments for supply usage
• Providing quarterly report of tax-exempt purchases to corporate finance
• Working on special projects as assigned
• SALES
• responsible for managing the policies and strategies used to sell each title effectively
• call upon traditional bookstores, retail accounts, libraries, academic institutions, book clubs, online vendors, and additional special markets
• direct relationship with the financial well being of the company and regularly provides input upon the production of titles to best assure sales
• Maintaining contact with customer headquarters to provide the best possible sales coverage
• Establishing promotional plans at the retail accounts and communicating with internal sales management in order to ensure execution at the retail level
• Working with publishing groups on the creation and design of promotional programs
• Managing cooperative advertising with clients, author appearance set-up, and creation of in-store marketing plans
• Aiding with customer shipping, credit, and returns issues
• Developing business plans on an annual basis for each of the assigned accounts
• SUBSIDIARY RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS
• finds additional sources of profit for a title, including serials, book clubs, and paperback, audio, and e-book rights
• esponsible for generating income by selling the rights to publish the company's titles in other languages and market
• Writing submission letters
• Sending manuscripts, proposals, and books to foreign publishers and agents, audio houses, and paperback publishers
• Coordinating co-productions with other publishers and audio houses
• Working with book clubs and sales for special editions
• Maintaining relationships with other publishers
• Attending book fairs worldwide

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• interest in reading
• punctuality
• interest in reading
• punctuality
• punctuality
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• punctuality
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• interest in reading
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• interest in reading
• interest in reading
• last a minimum of 8 weeks
• 40 hours per week
• familiar with Pelican’s lists of title
• writing a daily report covering tasks accomplished
• attend weekly departmental meetings
• read the trade journals and magazines
• Promotion Intensive
• emphasis on book promotion and copywriting.
• editorial ½ day, sales 1 day, production ½ day, promotion 2½ days, with ½ day per week spent in various departmental meetings
• Description
• engender interest and excitement in Pelican titles to ultimately generate sales.
• create promotional materials, including online press kits and e-mail blasts, conduct media research, and learn what it takes for a book to be reviewed from manuscript stage through finished book
• writing tasks will be assigned on an as-need basis
• learn how promotional writing differs from academic writing, creative writing, and analytical writing
• Skills
• interest in reading
• interest in reading
• punctuality
• Reliability
• punctuality
• work in a fast-paced, deadline-driven environment
• work independently
• Internet research and word processing skills
• organizational and interpersonal skills
• Flexibility to perform a variety of overlapping tasks
• Detail oriented, self-motivated, and team oriented
• Tasks
• Writing: Draft promotional copy
• Media Research: Update existing and identify new media outlets for specific books
• General Research: Everything
• Review Processing
• Mailing: Preparation of sending materials to reviewers; forwarding material to Pelican authors.
   E-mail Blasts: Assist with creating e-mail marketing materials.
   Data Management: Assist with maintaining Pelican’s database
• Office Work: Filing, occasional light hand-work, copying, and other clerical tasks as needed
• Sales: Database maintenance; customer lead research; researching the school and public library market; reviewing Pelican title information on Internet retailers; accessing wholesaler databases to analyze inventory and sales information; assisting with author tours; providing sales history for periodic meetings
• Editorial: Manuscript review; submission evaluation; returning rejected manuscripts; proofreading (depending upon skill level); checking corrected proofs; checking books at the blueline stage; copyediting author indexes
• Production: Formatting posters, page corrections, etc., based on production specifications and style sheets; routing proofs; copying jackets and layouts; preparing book mock-up materials; updating the production report
• Sales Intensive
• emphasis on sales activities
• editorial ½ day, promotion 1 day, production ½ day, sales 2½ days, with perhaps ½ day per week spent in various departmental meetings to get an overview of the operation.
• Description
• coordinates the placement of books in retail outlets
• sets up all author book events
• maintaining and analyzing data
• utilizes marketing techniques to reach customers directly
• Skills
• interest in the book industry
• versatility
• Responsibility
• Flexibility to perform a variety of tasks
• Familiarity with Microsoft Office applications
• Familiarity and prior experience with corporate databases
• Tasks
• Data Analysis: Accessing wholesaler Internet databases to analyze inventory and sales information
• Research: Researching new customer leads; Internet and phone research to update customer contact information for the database.
• Event Coordination:
• planning and setting up author tours and signing.
• Analysis: Undertaking competitive market analysis; providing information on the sales history of Pelican titles
• Data Review: Reviewing Pelican title information on Internet retailers
• Editorial: Manuscript review; submission evaluation; returning rejected manuscripts; proofreading (depending upon skill level); checking corrected proofs; checking books at the blueline stage; copyediting author indexes
• Promotion: Writing promotional copy; preparing galleys for advance review or sending out actual books; updating media database; filing of correspondence, reviews
• Production: Formatting posters, page corrections, etc., based on production specifications and style sheets; routing proofs; copying jackets and layouts; preparing book mock-up materials; updating the production report
• focuses on the stages of reviewing and editing manuscripts
• Description
• acquire new titles for the company and to prepare contracted titles for publication
• critiquing submissions, editing manuscripts and computer disks (manuscript editing, line editing, and copyediting), checking artwork for accuracy and relevance, proofreading the typeset books, editing indexes, checking typesetters’ corrections, checking the books’ layouts, and checking the printers’ bluelines
• Skills
• interest in reading
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• Detail oriented, resourceful, self-motivated, and team oriented
• Strong organizational and interpersonal skills
• Able to work in a fast-paced, deadline-driven environment
• punctuality
• Reliability
• Familiarity with Microsoft Word

• Facility with Internet research

   
• Tasks
• Manuscripts: Returning rejected manuscripts.
• Manuscript Review: Reading and writing a critique of a manuscript
• Queries: Reading initial submissions to determine if additional material should be requested.
• Proofreading: Reading typeset books for typographical and formatting errors.
   Clerical: Filing for CIP data and copyright; faxing letters; miscellaneous typing/computer inputting.
   Final Type: Checking corrected proofs and layout
• Bluelines: Checking projects at the blueline stage
• Artwork: Reviewing sketches and final artwork for editorial accuracy.
   Indexes: Copyediting and proofreading author indexes.
• Editing:
• “practice edit” a children’s book or any other project that may be in the schedule
• allows interns to apply their specialized design and layout abilities to assist in the process of transforming manuscripts into book
• Description
• produce quality, marketable books, advertisements, and supplementary materials in an efficient, cost-effective manner. Materials are transformed via traditional book design and computer-software-generated pages.
• oversees the design of the book covers
• keeping timesheets covering how they spend their day and writing a weekly report covering completed tasks, things learned, and accomplishments
• attend weekly production meetings
• Skills
• knowledge with required software applications
• interest in design and publications
• Have strong organizational and interpersonal skills
• Be able to work in a fast-paced, deadline-driven environment
• Be able to work independently
• punctuality
• Reliability
• Internet research skills
• InDesign
• QuarkXPress
• Photoshop
• Acrobat
• Illustrator
• Microsoft Word
• Tasks
• Research: Internet research for stock photography.
   Image Manipulation: Scan and retouch images.
   Typesetting: Assist with children’s books.
• Reprint Updates: Update pages and copyright information
• Design: Using existing formats, layout and design new author posters; routing proofs; preparing final product; designing covers for print-on-demand books.
   Indexing and Layout: Help with layout and design of new materials following established styles.
   Office Work: Limited filing and other clerical tasks as needed.

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• TRADE PUBLISHING
• bookstore or local library
• designed for the general consumer
• most high profile type of publishing as it is the most commercially focused
• PROFESSIONAL AND SCHOLARLY PUBLISHING
• books and journals specifically written for and marketed to professionals
• STM?scientific, technical, and medical
• EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING
• Textbooks
• also publish all of the materials that complement the textbook?such as workbooks, tests, software, CD-ROMs, and maps
• UNIVERSITY PRESSES
• not-for-profit departments of universities, colleges, and museums that publish books for scholars and specialists
• sometimes engage in trade publishing as well
• NDEPENDENT PUBLISHERS
• privately held
• more freedom
• ALTERNATIVE MEDIA (E-BOOKS AND AUDIOBOOKS)
• E-Books
• electronic format
• Audiobooks
• recorded audio format
• OTHER TYPES OF PUBLISHING
• Subsidy Press/Vanity Publisher
• publication services for a fee paid by the author
• Contract Publisher
• edit, design, market, and distribute their book for a fee paid by the author.
• Self-Publishing
• author does all the things a publisher
• Regional Publisher
• specializes in subjects relevant to a particular part of the country

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• AOL Time Warner Book Group
• The Atlantic Monthly
• Beacon Press
• Bedford/St. Martin's
• The Boston Globe
• Boston Magazine
• 
    Boston Review
• Candlewick Press
• The Christian Science Monitor
• David R. Godine, Publisher, Inc.
• Houghton Mifflin, Co. Adult Trade Editorial Department
• Dr. Andrew Weil's Self Healing
• 
     Harvard Common Press
• Body&Soul Magazine
• Panorama/Playbill
• 
     The Patriot Ledger
• The Perseus Books Group
• 
     The Perseus Books Group
• 
     The Boston Phoenix
• Salamander
• 
    TRANSITION Magazine
• 
      Women Express, Inc.; Teen Voices Magazine

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