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Neith S's List: South Africa Research Paper

    • Mr. Mbeki has brokered peace accords in parts of Africa
    • accused of coddling authoritarians like President Robert G. Mugabe of Zimbabwe.

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  • Feb 11, 10

    "A number of black political groups, often supported by sympathetic whites, opposed apartheid using a variety of tactics, including violence, strikes, demonstrations, and sabotage - strategies that often met with severe reprisals by the government. "

    • These laws further restricted the already limited right of black Africans to own land, entrenching the white minority's control of over 80 percent of South African land. In addition, other laws prohibited most social contacts between the races; enforced the segregation of public facilities and the separation of educational standards; created race-specific job categories; restricted the powers of nonwhite unions; and curbed nonwhite participation in government.
    • A number of black political groups, often supported by sympathetic whites, opposed apartheid using a variety of tactics, including violence, strikes, demonstrations, and sabotage - strategies that often met with severe reprisals by the government.

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    • entirely based on agriculture. With the discovery of diamonds and gold in the late 19th cent., mining became the foundation for rapid economic development.
      • South Africa was based on agriculture, but eventually they discovered diamonds and gold. The mining was the start of their economic growth.

    • he economy is still largely controlled by whites, but nonwhites make up more than 75% of the workforce. Working conditions and pay are often poor, and many nonwhites are subsistence farmers.
      • Economy is still controlled by whites, but the africans are making up the workforce. These South Africans are poorly paid.

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    • Many South Africans remain poor and unemployment is high - a factor blamed for a wave of violent attacks against migrant workers from other African countries in 2008 and protests by township residents over poor living conditions during the summer of 2009.
      • Unemployment is a huge factor in South Africa. Many people are living in poverty because of the attacks against migrant workers.

    • Land redistribution is an ongoing issue.
      • The farmland is South Africa is mostly owned by the whites. The land was distrubuted to the white people during the apartheid rule. Now the government is trying to give back South African's their land. They hope to accomplish this by 2014.

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    • The apartheid government was in control from 1948 to the early 90s. Black and white communities lived in seperate areas. This is against an enlightenment idea. - Neith S on 2010-01-22
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id="docSummary"><br/> <div class="docData"><br/> <span class="rubric">Title:</span><br/> <span id="docSummary-title" class="definition">Medical Ethics, History of Africa: II. South Africa<br/> <br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> <br/> <br/> <div class="docData"><br/> <span class="rubric">Author(s):</span><br/> <span class="definition" id="docSummary-authors"><br/> <a rel="nofollow" href="advancedSearch.do?inputFieldName%280%29=AU&amp;prodId=GVRL&amp;userGroupName=nysl_me_bcschl&amp;method=doSearch&amp;inputFieldValue%280%29=Solomon+R.+Benatar&amp;searchType=AdvancedSearchForm" title="" class="[CLASS_NAME]">Solomon R. Benatar</a><br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> <br/> <div class="docData"><br/> <span class="rubric">Source:</span><br/> <span class="definition"><br/> <b><i><a rel="nofollow" href="aboutEbook.do?pubDate=120040000&amp;actionString=DO_DISPLAY_ABOUT_PAGE&amp;inPS=true&amp;prodId=GVRL&amp;userGroupName=nysl_me_bcschl&amp;searchType=BasicSearchForm&amp;docId=GALE%7C5CEF" title="" class="[CLASS_NAME]">Encyclopedia of Bioethics</a></i></b>.<br/> Ed. Stephen G. Post. Vol. 3. 3<sup>rd</sup> ed. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. p1513-1517.<br/> </span> <br/> </div><br/> <br/> <div class="docData"><br/> <span class="rubric">Document Type:</span> <br/> <span id="docSummary-doctype" class="definition"><br/> <span class="doctype">Topic overview</span><br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> <br/> <div class="docData" id="docTools-bookmark"><br/> <span class="rubric">Bookmark:</span><br/> <span class="definition"><br/> <a rel="nofollow" href="generateInfomark.do?docType=GALE&amp;inPS=true&amp;prodId=GVRL&amp;userGroupName=nysl_me_bcschl&amp;tabID=T003&amp;pageNumber=&amp;searchId=R1&amp;docId=GALE%7CCX3402500310&amp;currentPosition=1&amp;type=r&amp;contentSet=GALE%7CCX3402500310&amp;pageIndex=" title="Click here to create a bookmark for this page" class="[CLASS_NAME]">Bookmark this Document</a> <br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> <br/> <br/> <br/> <div class="docData" id="docSummary-ebooklinks"><br/> <span class="rubric"><br/> eBook links:<br/> </span><br/> <span class="definition"><br/> <ul id="docSummary-ebooklinks" class="definition"><br/> <li class="first" id="ebookLinks-etoc"><br/> <a rel="nofollow" href="eToc.do?source=&amp;etocId=GALE%7CCX3402599001&amp;inPS=true&amp;prodId=GVRL&amp;userGroupName=nysl_me_bcschl&amp;tabID=tabId&amp;action=DO_BROWSE_ETOC&amp;searchId=R1&amp;searchType=BasicSearchForm&amp;docId=GALE%7C5CEF&amp;contentSegment=&amp;isDownLoadOptionDisabled=true" title="Table of Contents">eTable of Contents</a><br/> </li><br/> <br/> <li class="first" id="ebookLinks-bob"><br/> <a rel="nofollow" href="bobIndex.do?actionString=doBrowseIndex&amp;bobIndexId=GALE%7CCX3402599901&amp;indexTerm=&amp;tabID=tabId&amp;prodId=GVRL&amp;searchId=R1&amp;contentSegment=&amp;searchType=BasicSearchForm&amp;currentPosition=&amp;source=&amp;userGroupName=nysl_me_bcschl&amp;inPS=true&amp;docId=GALE%7C5CEF&amp;isDownLoadOptionDisabled=true" title="Bob Index">eBook Index</a><br/> </li><br/> <br/> </ul><br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> <br/><br/> <br/> <div id="document-copyright" class="docData"><br/> <span class="rubric"><br/> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.gale.com/macmillan/index.htm" class="newWindow"><img alt="Macmillan Reference USA" src="images/publisher/MACM.gif"></a><br/> </span><br/> <span class="definition"><br/> <b>Full Text: </b> <br/> COPYRIGHT 2004 Macmillan Reference USA, COPYRIGHT 2006 Gale, Cengage Learning<br/> </span><br/> </div><br/> </div> &lt;!-- RSPEAK_START --><br/><br/><br/><div class="document-text"><br/><br/><span class="pageBreak" id="1513">Page&nbsp;1513</span><br/><br/><div id="document-header"><h1><span class="citation-title">II. <span class="hitHighlite">SOUTH</span> <span class="hitHighlite">AFRICA</span></span></h1></div><br/><div class="SideNotePara"><p>The histories of medicine and of medical ethics in <span class="hitHighlite">South</span> <span class="hitHighlite">Africa</span> are intimately linked to political, social, and economic aspects of that country's development, dominant components of which include racial discrimination and social segregation</p></div></div></div></div>
    • In 1991, a multiracial forum led by de Klerk and Mandela, the  Convention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA), began working on a new  constitution.
      • Mandela started making a new constitution to in 1991. The constitution destroyed the apartheid and made multiracial democracy with major rule. As president Mandela made a peaceful, smooth transistion into a democracy. Mandela won the nobel peace prize.

      • Since the new election and democratic government, South Africa wishes to redistribute the land that was taken away from the south africans. "They hope to redistribute 30 percent of white owned land by 2014"

      • After many long years of boycotting and struggling for equal rights and the abolition of the apartheid government, South Africa elects a black president in 1994. This was the start of a "new era" and fresh start for the country.

      • apartheid means "apartness"

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    • nonviolent demonstrations against apartheid did not work, because they allowed the South African government to respond with violence against Africans. Although Mandela was ready to try every possible technique to destroy apartheid peacefully, he began to feel that nonviolent resistance would not change conditions in the end.
      • Mandela wanted to end the apartheid with nonviolent acts, but that did not work out so well. Nothing was changed with the peacefull attempts Mandela tried to make because the government was responding violently.

    • All-African National Action Council.
      • The all- african national action council was an illegal opperation/movement to sabotage the apartheid governement.

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    • According to a poll released last week by the highly regarded Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, 31 percent of South Africans believe that race relations have not improved since the end of apartheid, and 16 percent actually think they have gotten worse.
    • But 15 years later, that happily-ever-after ending is a long way off, and the ideal of a rainbow nation now seems little more than a deft turn of phrase. According to a poll released last week by the highly regarded Institute for Justice and Reconciliation, 31 percent of South Africans believe that race relations have not improved since the end of apartheid, and 16 percent actually think they have gotten worse. (About 50 percent said relations had improved.)
      • since the ending of the apartheid, south africa(colored) dont feel like their human rights have been improved. some think that race relations have gotten worse, and others think its improved/not improved.

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    • The vast majority of agricultural land is still owned by whites. Black landowners tend to have tiny plots in the former homelands.
    • One crucial component of land reform is the restitution of land to people who were displaced under white minority rule, which is provided for by legislation passed by the country's democratically-elected government.
      • One thing that South Africa hopes to do is redistribute land to those who had it taken away by white rule. According to Commison on the restitution of land rights, 94% of the land claims have been settled.

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        South Africa's Jacob Zuma promises to take HIV test in Aids policy reversal

             

        Speech declaring huge expansion of treatment marks final break with stance of predecessor Thabo Mbeki

             
               
           
                                               
             
          jacob zuma 

        Jacob Zuma speaking in Pretoria on World Aids Day. Photograph: Waldo Swiegers/AP

         
           

        South Africa's president, Jacob Zuma, today pledged to undergo an HIV test in an attempt to draw a line under an era of political inertia blamed for hundreds of thousands of deaths.

    • As  early as 1993, the World Bank warned that if the government did not undertake  "a major restructuring of the rural economy centered on significant land  transfers and smaller scale agricultural production units," the country would  face the danger of rural violence and possibly civil war.
    • restitution that  assessed and processed claims from people who said they were unfairly forced off  their land under apartheid, and redistribution, which transferred state-owned  other land to formerly disadvantaged communities.
      • these are the two ways inwhich south africa's government chose to address the problem of land redistribution.

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