Luch Machiavelli's List: mozart eftect

• listening to music actually does turn out to change the brain in positive ways
• increase the density of neural connections in the primary auditory cortex
• (corpus callosum) contain a much greater number of connecting fibers in musicians versus nonmusicians, especially for musicians who began their training early
• music actually works to increase the size of our cerebellums and increases the concentration of gray matter in the brain
• Gray matter is believed to be primarily responsible for information processing, while white matter is primarily responsible for information transmission
• take down the notes and write the unique musical score generated by individual human brains
• we all have our own individual neural sonata constantly playing inside our heads!
• recording is converted into two unique musical compositions designed to trigger the body’s natural responses, for example, by improving productivity while at work
• The compositions are clinically shown to promote one of two mental states in each individual: relaxation – for reduced stress and improved sleep; and alertness – for improved concentration and decision-making.
• The relaxation track may sound like a “melodic, subdued Chopin sonata,”
• while the alertness track may have “more of a Mozart sound,”
• After their brain waves are set to music
• each person is given a specific listening schedule
• the music can boost productivity and energy levels, or trigger a body’s natural responses to stress
• firefighters will be the first emergency responders taking part in the project.

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• Putting The Brain's Soundtracks To Work
• Every brain has a soundtrack. Its tempo and tone will vary, depending on mood, frame of mind, and other features of the brain itself
• ay sharpen their reflexes during a crisis, and calm their nerves afterward.

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• • to of course brought of jazz/stravinsky- seemingly discordant.
• The music helped him get the words from his brain onto the paper
• Albert Einstein is recognized as one of the smartest men who has ever lived. A little known fact about Einstein is that when he was young he did extremely poor in school. His grade school teachers told his parents to take him out of school because he was "too stupid to learn" and it would be a waste of resources for the school to invest time and energy in his education. The school suggested that his parents get Albert an easy, manual labor job as soon as they could. His mother did not think that Albert was "stupid". Instead of following the school's advice, Albert's parents bought him a violin.
• He loved the music of Mozart and Bach the most.
• Music is thought to link all of the emotional, spiritual, and physical elements of the universe
• People perceive and respond to music in different ways
• two responses to rhythm
• Rhythm is also an important aspect of music to study when looking at responses to music.
• 1) the actual hearing of the rhythm and (2) the physical response to the rhythm.
• Rhythm organizes physical movements and is very much related to the human body.
• the body contains rhythms in the heartbeat, while walking, during breathing, etc
• ask of tying his shoes was put to a song

  • Alphabet song
    Prelilerate cultures-- Homer>>>>>.
• , early missionaries to Africa thought that the nationals had bad rhythm.
• it sounded like they were not beating in time

  • >>jazz/stravinsky seemingly discordant.
• later discovered that the nationals were beating out complex polyrhythmic beats such as 2 against 3, 3 against 4, and 2 against 3 and 5, etc. These beats were too advanced for the missionaries to follow.
• Responses to music
• music from the baroque period causes the heart beat and pulse rate to relax to the beat of the music
• baroque music decreases blood pressure and enhances the ability to learn.
• As the body becomes relaxed and alert, the mind is able to concentrate more easily
• Music affects the amplitude and frequency of brain waves, which can be measured by an electro-encephalogram.
• affects breathing rate and electrical resistance of the skin.
• pupils to dilate, increase blood pressure, and increase the heart rate
• Memory and Learning
• Mozart's music and baroque music, with a 60 beats per minute beat pattern, activate the left and right brain
• he simultaneous left and right brain action maximizes learning and retention of information
• activities which engage both sides of the brain at the same time, such as playing an instrument or singing, causes the brain to be more capable of processing information.
• ancient Greeks sang their dramas because they understood how music could help them remember more easily )
• Dr. George Lozanov,
• He has proven that foreign languages can be learned with 85-100% efficiency in only thirty days by using these baroque pieces
• However, simply using music while learning does not absolutely guarantee recall but can possibly improve it.
• ut it does enter into memory along with the information learne
• tempo appears to be a key of music's effect on memory.
• slow music could slow the heartbeat and the breathing rate as well as bring down blood pressure
• he key component of music that makes it beneficial is order.
• One key ingredient to the order of music from the baroque and classical periods is math.
• King George had problems with memory loss and stress management
• The brain works by looking at different pieces of information and deciding if they are different or the same
• More than one repetition causes the music to become displeasing, and also causes a person to either enter a state of sub-conscious thinking or a state of anger
• human mind shuts down after three or four repetitions of a rhythm, or a melody, or a harmonic progression
• a direct link between muscle strength/weakness and music
• all of the muscles in the entire body go weak when subjected to the "stopped anapestic beat
• including Led Zeppelin, Alice Cooper, Queen, The Doors, Janis Joplin, Bachman - Turner Overdrive, and The Band
• another effect of the anapestic beat. He called it a "switching" of the brain.
• switching occurs when the actual symmetry between both of the cerebral hemispheres is destroyed causing alarm in the body along with lessened work performance, learning and behavior problems in children, and a "general malaise in adults."
• special pieces of music (including The Blue Danube) aid hens in laying more eggs
• wheat will grow faster when exposed to special ultrasonic and musical sounds.
• She found that the plants grew well for almost every type of music except rock and acid rock
• Jazz, classical, and Ravi Shankar turned out to be the most helpful to the plants

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• Also the sounds of nature
  Knowledge has a "sound" also-- an internal sound - Luch Machiavelli on 2009-05-11

• used Mozart's music as the listening stimulus in his work attempting to cure a variety of disorders.
• Governor of Georgia, Zell Miller, proposed a budget to provide every child born in Georgia with a CD of classical music.
• nvestigated the effect of listening to music by Mozart on spatial reasoning, and the results were published in Natur
• he mean standard age scores converted into IQ scores were 8 to 9 points higher after the participants had listened to the music
• show that the enhancing effect of the music condition is only temporary: no student had effects extending beyond the 15-minute period
• showed an increase in 'spatial intelligence', the results were popularly interpreted as an increase in general IQ.
• one study in which three- and four-year-olds who were given eight months of private piano lessons scored 34 percent higher on tests of spatio-temporal reasoning than control groups
• playing specially selected classical music to infants, in the expectation that it will benefit their mental development. These theories are controversial.
• Zell Miller, governor of Georgia, announced that his proposed state budget would include $105,000 a year to provide every child born in Georgia with a tape or CD of classical music
• that listening to Mozart enhances intelligence. We made no such claim. The effect is limited to spatial–temporal tasks involving mental imagery and temporal ordering.
• But I do think the money could be better spent on music education programs
• Other researchers argue that The “Mozart Effect” is only an artifact of the short-term effects of music listening on mood and arousal
• The participants performed significantly better on the spatial-temporal task after listening to Mozart’s sonata than after listening to the Adagio.
• this apparent benefit disappeared when differences in mood and arousal were held constant by statistical means
• ozart's Sonata for Two Pianos in D major K.448 has also been known to reduce the number of seizures that people with epilepsy have
• apart from Mozart's K 448 and K 488, only one other piece of music has been found to have a similar effect; a song by the Greek composer Yanni, entitled "Acroyali/Standing in Motion" (version from Yanni Live at the Acropolis).^[12] It was determined to have the "Mozart effect
• Chabris stated that his meta-analysis demonstrated "that any cognitive enhancement is small and does not reflect any change in IQ or reasoning ability in general, but instead derives entirely from performance on one specific type of cognitive task and has a simple neuropsychological explanation", called "enjoyment arousal"
• a study that found that "listening either to Mozart or to a passage from a Stephen King story enhanced subjects’ performance in paper folding and cutting (one of the tests frequently employed by Rauscher and Shaw) but only for those who enjoyed what they heard".
• "listening to Mozart produced a 3-point increase relative to silence in one experiment and a 4-point decrease in the other experiment"
• Even if music improves performance in some settings and on some tasks
• when compared to a no-music condition, listening to music by Bach or Mozart for 10 minutes produced no effect on subsequent mathematical problem solving performance.
• passively listening to Mozart — or indeed any other music you enjoy — does not make you smarter.
• he rats exposed to the Mozart music completed the maze more rapidly and with fewer errors than the rats in the other groups
• the Mozart effect can be attributed to temporary changes in mood and arousal that result from prolonged exposure to music (e.g., 8-10 minutes
• Not all music generates the Mozart effect, however. The music must be perceived as having an energetic and positive emotional quality.

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• There were many   attempts to replicate their results but most were unsuccessful
• "very best thing that could be said of their [Shaw's and Rauscher's] experiment—were it  completely uncontested—would be that listening to bad Mozart enhances short–term  IQ"
• have stimulated an industry
• that there are patterns of neurons that fire in  sequences, and that there appear to be pre-existing sites in the brain that respond to  specific frequencies."
• not quite the same as showing that listening to Mozart increases intelligence in  children
• Shaw is not going to wait for the hard evidence to pour in before  he cashes in on the desire of parents to enhance their children's intelligence
• the mass media and others have  created a kind of alternative science that supports the industry
• Yes, according to   Kenneth Steele, a  psychology professor at Appalachian State University, and John  Bruer, head of the James S. McDonnell Foundation in St. Louis.  Contrary to all the hype, they claim that  there is no real intelligence enhancing or health benefit to listening to Mozart.
• could  not "find any kind of effect at all,"
• The Mozart effect is an example of how science and the media mix  in our world.
• A suggestion in a few paragraphs in a scientific journal becomes a universal  truth in a matter of months, eventually believed even by the scientists who initially  recognized how their work had been distorted and exaggerated by the media
• so why shouldn't it affect intelligence and health, even if only   slightly and temporarily?

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• And contrary to the myth, up-to-the-minute research actually informs us of the remarkable plasticity of the brain and its power to continue learning throughout life

• To claim that those who don't   share the moral sentiments of your class are sociopaths is   intolerable, philosophically speaking
• It seems to be a common   misconception of those in the social sciences to characterize ethics as   rationalizations dreamed up after feelings drive us to find support for our   instincts.
• King Lear's view of life, full of sound and fury,   signifying nothing

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• Music therapy
• hysical, emotional, mental, social, aesthetic, and spiritual
• directly through music;
• psychiatric disorders, medical problems, physical handicaps, sensory impairments, developmental disabilities, substance abuse, communication disorders, interpersonal problems, and aging.
• developmental work (communication, motor skills, etc.) with individuals with special needs, songwriting and listening in reminiscence/orientation work with the elderly, processing and relaxation work, and rhythmic entrainment for physical rehabilitation in stroke victims.
• may use ideas or concepts from different disciplines such as speech/language, physical therapy, medicine, nursing, education
• Benefits included a decrease in blood pressure, heart rate, and levels of anxiety in heart patients.
• However, the effect was not consistent across studies, according to Joke Bradt, Ph.D., and Cheryl Dileo, Ph.D., both of Temple University in Philadelphia.
• Music did not appear to have much effect on patients' psychological distress. "The quality of the evidence is not strong and the clinical significance unclear,"

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