Joan Erickson's List: etap687 module 3 readings and findings

• Cook County Normal School, run for years by John Dewey’s precursor Francis  Parker
• progressivism or its contemporary cousin constructivism: a theory of learning  that emphasizes the importance of students’ taking ownership of their own work
• progressivism

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• excellent teachers not only shared certain qualities
• developed a certain set of skills

• data-driven programs that would diagnose individual students’ strengths and  weaknesses
• a dispiriting exercise in good people failing
• actual teaching, the daily task of getting students to learn, the school  floundered
• a student with a weak teacher for three straight years would score, on average,  50 percentile points behind
• top 5 percent of teachers
• weakest 5 percent

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• Present information in multiple ways
• www.cast.org
• Offer multiple ways for students to interact with and respond to curricula and  materials
• Provide multiple ways for students to find meaning in the material and thus  motivate themselves
• Make good use of personal and course Web pages.
• As a product of Eurocentric cultures, I automatically value promptness in my  students, expect them to complete their academic work even if family needs  intervene, and measure performance by each student individually.
• Provide students with options for demonstrating knowledge and skills.
• redundant

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• The United States has no Federal Ministry of Education or other centralized  authority exercising single national control over postsecondary educational  institutions in this country
• the practice of accreditation arose in the United States as a means of  conducting non-governmental, peer evaluation of educational institutions and  programs.
• Verifying that an institution or program meets established standards;
• Standards
• Protecting an institution against harmful internal and external pressure
• Establishing criteria for professional certification and licensure
• prepares an in-depth self-evaluation study that measures its performance against  the standards established by the accrediting agency.
• • Monitoring: The accrediting agency monitors each accredited institution or  program throughout the period of accreditation granted to verify that it  continues to meet the agency's standards.
• Reevaluation: The accrediting agency periodically reevaluates

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• acilitator
• curriculum
• User friendly and reliable technology is critical to a successful online program
• this places a greater responsibility on the student
• online education is not appropriate for younger students
• creating a supportive environment
• 20 or more
• physical movement and practice
• Traditional classroom lectures have no place in a successful online program
• Education of the highest quality can and will occur in an online program  provided that the curriculum has been developed or converted to meet the needs  of the online medium
• the curriculum, the facilitator, the technology and the students

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• bandwidth limitations and the dominance of text
• can not use their presence and their classroom skills to get their point across.  Nor can they use their oral skills to improvise on the spot to deal with  behavior problems or educational opportunities.
• Directions for every assignment must be spelled out in a logical, self-contained  way
• especially one that began as a face-to-face course, makes the instructor  confront and analyze the material in new and different ways.

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• participation
• participation
• A characteristic of an online course design model includes the reliance of the  group discussion
• one of the most beneficial tools of online learning is the discussion board
• social presence and collaboration
• problem-solving
• interaction and knowledge construction
• performance
• students' satisfaction, participation
• Is there a difference in the quality of online asynchronous discussions and  traditional classroom discussions
• The online and traditional groups were given the same set of guiding discussion  questions
• A few students indicated it was hard to have discussions when they did not know  with whom they were discussing. One student said, “It was weird because I was  having this online in-depth discussion with someone I had never seen before, and  it felt a little creepy.”
• the quality of discussion that occurs in online and traditional instruction is  similar when specific content-related questions are provided to structure the  discussions
• In general, the more contact between students and faculty both inside and  outside the classroom, the greater the student development and satisfaction

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• A child in the  preoperational stage could not be taught to understand the liquid volume  experiment; she does not possess the mental structure of a child in concrete  operations.
• think abstractly
• acquisition of meta-cognition (thinking about thinking
• provide short instruction and concrete examples
• opportunities to organize groups of objects on "increasingly complex levels"
• assimilation
• assimilation
• assimilation
• Assimilation is information we already know. Accommodation involves adapting  one's existing knowledge to what is perceived
• Sociocultural Theory of Development
• human activities take place in cultural settings and cannot be understood apart  from these settings
• Through these social  interactions, we move toward more individualized thinking.
• Private speech is considered to be self-directed regulation and communication  with the self, and becomes internalized after about nine years
• zone of proximal development.
• Vygotsky believed that given proper help and assistance, children could perform  a problem that Piaget would consider to be out of the child's mental  capabilities.
• Piaget proposed that children progress through the stages of cognitive  development through maturation, discovery methods, and some social transmissions  through assimilation and accommodation
• Vygotsky's theory stressed the importance of culture and language on one's  cognitive development

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• Levels and types  of scaffolding in the educational setting
• scaffolding can be difficult when the classroom is large and students have  various needs
• The key is that the assistance is planned in advance.
• expert scaffolding
• According to Vygotsky, students develop higher-level thinking skills when  scaffolding occurs with an adult expert or with a peer of higher capabilities
• Conflicts would then take place between students allowing them to think  constructively at a higher level
• Technical scaffolding
• Scaffolding is often used in order to support problem-based learning (PBL

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