França, el campió nuclear mundial, ja ha posat el crit al cel, però a partir d'ara a Europa hi haurà dos models energètics, i els altres països ens haurem de decidir per l'un o l'altre.
Durant la nit de diumenge a dilluns, la cúpula del govern alemany va decidir l'abandonament progressiu de les centrals nuclears fins al 2022. La ruta de sortida ja està ben dibuixada: la majoria de reactors atòmics es desconnectaran de la xarxa elèctrica com a molt tard el 2021. Però si calgués, tres centrals produirien energia fins al 2022 en concepte de "reserva de seguretat".
Merkel haurà de collar els quatre gegants explotadors d'energia atòmica d'Alemanya (E.ON, RWE, Vattenfall i EnBW).
Merkel es va vantar ahir del fet que el nou pacte promou que d'aquí nou anys les energies alternatives suposaran com a mínim el 40% de la producció elèctrica alemanya.
el partit verd va acollir ahir amb escepticisme l'anunci fet per Merkel
The new plan foresees all of Germany's nuclear plants going offline by 2021 -- with one possible exception: If the transition to renewable energy does not go as quickly as planned, three of the plants will be allowed to continue operating until 2022
"These are ideas that have little to do with the technological reality," he said.
Renate Künast, the co-floor leader of the Green Party, also expressed skepticism
Executives from major energy companies have also expressed their opposition to a nuclear shutdown.
"This is nothing more and nothing less than a revolution in energy supply," said Chancellor Angela Merkel. It was September 2010, and she was referring to her government's newly minted energy strategy.
The head of the commission, former United Nations Environment Program executive director and ex-German environment minister Klaus Töpfer, said that the transition to renewable energy presented a "great opportunity" for Germany to develop a sustainable economy.
German manufacturers and energy companies have already criticized plans to phase out nuclear power, warning that Germany could face blackouts, and utilities have threatened to take legal action against a withdrawal.
Desde esa fecha, Alemania ha doblado la importación de energía nuclear procedente de Francia e importa diariamente 50 gigavatios/hora más de lo que exporta, pasando a ser un país deficitario desde su posición anterior de exportador.
Doch wie genau das verbindlich geregelt werden soll, steht noch nicht fest.
Auch ein Ausstieg bis 2017 wäre möglich, wie zahlreiche Studien belegen. Merkel aber will gar nicht besonders mutig sein. Sie will sich nur ihre Machtoptionen für die Bundestagswahl 2013 sichern.
Schon vor Fukushima und Stuttgart 21 wuchsen die Grünen.
Merkel weiß: Wenn sie nach 2013 weiterregieren will, dann geht das wohl nur in der ungeliebten großen Koalition oder mit den Grünen.
Selbst wenn die Grünen dem neuen Ausstiegsbeschluss nicht zustimmen können, dann würde das nur an Details liegen.
Renewable energy offers the only way to lead the world into a green future. That is why Merkel keeps on emphasizing the scale of the revolution Germany faces. But she is keeping quiet about the huge cost this will entail.
That sentiment is expected to be codified by the German parliament on July 8
Germany's major energy utility companies, for whom operating nuclear power plants has been the equivalent of being able to print money, are threatening to sue over lost revenues potentially reaching into the billions as a result of the atomic shutdown
The bosses of German industrial groups, particularly the energy utilities, are moaning about the decision to undergo an accelerated nuclear phase out like children who don't want to go on a day trip.
until the heads of these firms comprehend what enormous opportunities are on offer in a world in which they have become the first mover on renewable energy
The exact exit date is less important than the accompanying, much larger tasks.
And what share of the costs will have to be picked up by renters and homeowners?
in questions of stability, Merkel shows considerable mobility -- often in ways that are detrimental to her own party
It is more astounding how radical the government here was in its refusal to consider alternatives.
CSP plants are capable of supplying energy on demand - even after sunset. This is due to the fact that, in contrast to electricity, large quantities of thermal energy can be stored not only easily but also with low losses.
At sites near the coast, sea water may be used for cooling the steam power cycle. In this way, drinking water can be produced simultaneously.
For desert locations farther away from the coast, water-saving air cooling can be used. In this manner, it is possible to harness the best sunny locations, independent of water sources.
The research by the German Aerospace Center shows that CSP plants in North Africa and the Middle East will be capable of producing up to 470,000 MW by the year 2050.
Solar power is actually the most compact and efficient renewable energy source worldwide.
The total potential of deserts and semi-deserts worldwide has been calculated at 3,000,000 terawatt hours per year (TWh = 1 billion kWh), according to the DLR. That is a multiple of the current global energy consumption of approximately 18,000 TWh/a.
L'energia atòmica absorbeix el 26,1% de la generació elèctrica alemanya, mentre que Catalunya depèn en un 53% de la nuclear.
Si Catalunya figurés en el rànquing mundial de producció nuclear, només tres països la superarien pel que fa a la contribució de la nuclear a la producció d'electricitat: Lituània, França i Eslovàquia.
la taxa d'interconnexió espanyola és del 4%.
L'apagada nuclear a Espanya comportaria -segons Tahull- un encariment del preu de l'electricitat del 20%
Espanya és el segon país europeu amb potència eòlica instal·lada, només per darrere d'Alemanya, i té empreses punteres al món en aquest negoci
A Catalunya el pes de les renovables en el sistema elèctric és del 17,5%
Catalunya no té plenes competències en energia, sinó que forma part del sistema espanyol i no pot actuar autònomament