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Discriminant validity of the 'big five' personality traits in employment settings | Social Behavior and Personality | Find Articles at BNET
"In both these studies the most striking finding was that the `big five' personality trait of Conscientiousness is the only consistent predictor of job performance. The other `big five' dimensions of extraversion, neuroticism, openness-to-experience and agreeableness do, however, provide some predictive power in particular circumstances. Sackett and Wanek (1996) argue that the general predictive power of Conscientiousness comes about as a consequence of the close conceptual relationship between Conscientiousness and Integrity. They further suggest that a combined trait representing High Conscientiousness, Low Neuroticism and High Agreeableness is a surrogate for Integrity and can explain all of the ability of the `big five' personality traits to predict job performance."
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Toddlers insensitive to fear go on to commit crimes - life - 17 November 2009 - New Scientist
"Decades later, Raine's own team looked to see if any of the subjects had criminal records and found 137 that did. The team discovered that, as toddlers, these people had sweated significantly less in anticipation of the blare compared with subjects of similar race, gender and background for whom no criminal record was found."
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Book Review - 'What the Dog Saw - And Other Adventures,' by Malcolm Gladwell - Review - NYTimes.com
"But Gladwell frequently holds forth about statistics and psychology, and his lack of technical grounding in these subjects can be jarring. He provides misleading definitions of “homology,” “saggital plane” and “power law” and quotes an expert speaking about an “igon value” (that’s eigenvalue, a basic concept in linear algebra). In the spirit of Gladwell, who likes to give portentous names to his aperçus, I will call this the Igon Value Problem: when a writer’s education on a topic consists in interviewing an expert, he is apt to offer generalizations that are banal, obtuse or flat wrong. "
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Discovery sheds new light on Stonehenge -- latimes.com
"Archaeologists say the remains of another large henge near the River Avon offer clues to the building of Stonehenge and the significance of the river. They had sought the telltale holes for years."
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Rough day at work? You won't feel like exercising
A new study, published today in Psychology and Health, reveals that if you use your willpower to do one task, it depletes you of the willpower to do an entirely different task.
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Ancient figurines were toys not mother goddess statues, say experts as 9,000-year-old artefacts are discovered | Mail Online
They were carved out of stone and squeezed out of clay 9,000 years ago, at the very dawn of civilisation.
Now archaeologists say these astonishing Stone Age statues could have been the world's first educational toys.
Nearly 2,000 figures have been unearthed at Catalhoyuk in Turkey - the world's oldest known town - over the last few decades. The most recent were found just last week. -
I Must Be Guilty – the Video Says So « N e u r o n a r r a t i v e
Participants were given two chances to sign the confession, and by the end of the day all of them did. 87% signed on the first request, and the remaining 13% signed on the second.
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Higher level of testosterone in women linked to choice of risky careers
CHICAGO (Aug. 24, 2009) – The battle of the sexes rages on, this time from the trading floor. While there has long been debate about the social and biological differences between men and women, new research by the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University, the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the University of Chicago's Department of Comparative Human Development explores how the hormone testosterone plays an important role in gender differences in financial risk aversion and career choice.
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Researchers find genetic link between physical pain and social rejection / UCLA Newsroom
"Although it has long been suggested that mu-opioids play a role in social pain — and there are convincing animal models that show this — this is the first human study to link this mu-opioid receptor gene with social sensitivity in response to rejection," Eisenberger said.
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Are humans cruel to be kind? - life - 16 May 2009 - New Scientist
It might be all those things. Economists, anthropologists and evolutionary biologists have been teasing out how, used judiciously, spiteful behaviour can be one of our best weapons in maintaining a fair and ordered society. But intentions that are noble in one situation can be malicious in another - making spite a weapon that can all too easily backfire.
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10 Rules That Govern Groups « PsyBlog
Here are 10 insightful studies that give a flavour of what has been discovered about the dynamics of group psychology.
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The evolutionary origin of depression: Mild and bitter | The Economist
Dr Nesse believes that persistence is a reason for the exceptional level of clinical depression in America—the country that has the highest depression rate in the world. “Persistence is part of the American way of life,” he says. “People here are often driven to pursue overly ambitious goals, which then can lead to depression.” He admits that this is still an unproven hypothesis, but it is one worth considering. Depression may turn out to be an inevitable price of living in a dynamic society.
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VDARE.com: 06/14/09 - Selling Out And How To Do It—The Case Of Richard E. Nisbett
Therefore, assuming this tiny study is correct, society could eliminate roughly 75 percent of the IQ gaps caused by genetic differences. All it would take is for the government to make parents in the upper and lower sectors of society exchange their children.
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Sleep may be important in regulating emotional responses
According to a research abstract that will be presented on Thursday, June11, at SLEEP 2009, the 23rd Annual Meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies, sleep selectively preservers memories that are emotionally salient and relevant to future goals when sleep follows soon after learning. Effects persist for as long as four months after the memory is created.
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Personality-Based Diagnostic Taxonomy
The preceding lists the most recent and complete of the 15 normal and abnormal personalities derived from the Millon Evolutionary Theory. Each box includes first the normal prototype or personality style (e.g., retiring), and second, the abnormal prototype or personality disorder (e.g., schizoid). The following circulargram portrays the same 15 personalities in a spectrum fashion. It also represents both the normal and abnormal prototypes of the theory.
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Notes from an evolutionary psychology conference: Why won't your daughter call?: Scientific American Blog
They had 51 normally-ovulating women (mean age 19.1 years old) provide complete cell phone bills from one month, along with their menstrual cycle information and details about individuals on their phone bill. It turned out that the subjects called their fathers significantly less than their mothers during high fertility days, and when both mothers and fathers called them during high fertility days they spent less time on the phone with their dads than with their moms.
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You Know More than You Think: Scientific American
"First, assume that your first estimate is off the mark. Second, think about a few reasons why that could be. Which assumptions and considerations could have been wrong? Third, what do these new considerations imply?... Fourth, based on this new perspective, make a second, alternative estimate." When the participants used the more involved method, the average was significantly more accurate than the first estimate.
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Op-Ed Columnist - Would You Slap Your Father? If So, You’re a Liberal - NYTimes.com
Studies suggest that conservatives are more often distressed by actions that seem disrespectful of authority, such as slapping Dad. Liberals don’t worry as long as Dad has given permission.
Likewise, conservatives are more likely than liberals to sense contamination or perceive disgust. People who would be disgusted to find that they had accidentally sipped from an acquaintance’s drink are more likely to identify as conservatives.
The upshot is that liberals and conservatives don’t just think differently, they also feel differently. This may even be a result, in part, of divergent neural responses. -
Confronting the Backlash against Implicit Bias « The Situationist
Implicit prejudice results followed naturally from a century’s worth of research on perception, memory, and learning. The evidence fits the contemporary consensus that an enormous amount of cognition occurs automatically, effortlessly, and outside of conscious awareness.
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Findings - Message in What We Buy, but Nobody's Listening - NYTimes.com
Instead of running focus groups and spinning theories, he says, marketers could learn more by administering scientifically calibrated tests of intelligence and personality traits. If marketers (or their customers) understood biologists' new calculations about animals' "costly signaling," Dr. Miller says, they'd see that Harvard diplomas and iPhones send the same kind of signal as the ornate tail of a peacock.
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