Ciara Er's List: acidity experiment Ciara Erenberger

• Acids taste sour
• react strongly with metals
• Strong Acids are dangerous and can burn your skin
• Vinegar 3. Citrus Fruits
   2. Stomach Acid
• The greater the concentration of OH^- ions the stronger the base.
  
• • vinegar,cit.acid, stomach acid=acids

  • lye,ammonia=base
    
• olutions containig bases are often called alkaline.
  
• Bases taste bitter
• Bases feel slippery
• Strong bases are very dangerous and can burn your skin
• lye (Sodium Hydroxide)
   2. Ammonia
• acids and bases are added to each other they react to neutralize each other
• pH scale is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration

11 more annotations...

• Pure water is said to be neutral,
• pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
• Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic
• solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline
• pH scale has no upper or lower limit and can therefore be lower than 0 or higher than 14.^[
• pH can be affected by the ionic strength of a solution—
• When an acid is dissolved in water, the pH will be less than 7 (if at 25 °C (77 °F)).
• a base, or alkali, is dissolved in water, the pH will be greater than 7 (if at 25 °C (77 °F))
• pH values will lie mostly in the range 0 to 14

7 more annotations...

• • 0-14 7=neutral ph less 7 =acidic, more than 7= basic. whole ph value= 10x more acidic then next higher value( 4=10x more than 5 5=100x(10x10) more than 6
• • a substance that isn't acid or basic= neutral
• Mixing acids and bases can cancel out their extreme effects;
• Acidic and basic are two extremes that describe chemicals,
• ubstance that is neither acidic nor basic is neutral.
• 7 is neutral
• 0 to 14.
• pH greater than 7 is basic
• pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is
• pH less than 7 is acidic,
• ach whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value.
• For example, a pH of 4 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 5 and 100 times (10 times 10) more acidic than a pH of 6.
• alkaline—another way to say basic
• hemicals are mixed with water, t
• water is neutral
• Chemicals that are very basic or very acidic are called “reactive.”
• chemicals can cause severe burns

15 more annotations...

• pH is an important parameter to be measured
    and controlled.
• values of the hydrogen ion concentration
• pH term translates
• equivalents
• numbers between 0 and 14.
• 0, 1,
• very acidic solution
• corresponds to a large concentration of hydrogen  ions;
• the pH
• pH measurement  loop
• three components
• sensor,
• measuring electrode
• or  transmitter
• a preamplifier; and a
• • important measurement for industrial, pharmacies, manufacturing, food making ect.
• very important measurement
• low pH value is called an  "acid,"
• high pH is called a "caustic
• • p= negative common (base ten) logarithm. H= hydrogen. pH= logarithmic meas. of moles of H. ions.
• ower-case
• pH is a representation of hydrogen  ion activity in a liquid.

20 more annotations...

• Why measure pH?
• To test a sample against a legal requirement
• Prevent damage to materials and human

1 more annotation...

• acidity and alkalinity of a fluid.
• pH meter acts as a volt meter that measures the electrical potential difference between a pH electrode and a reference electrode and displays the result in terms of the pH value of the solution
• pH meter was invented in 1934 by the American chemist Arnold O. Beckman

1 more annotation...

• The pH sensor consists of a standard electrode capable of measuring the full to 0 to 14 pH range.