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chalkjockey the teacher's List: AP Slides on Race in America

Redefining 'black' - Los Angeles Times

www.latimes.com/...e-sokei18feb18,0,7298828.story - Preview

race APEnglish obama on 2008-11-12 and saved by 2 people
- Among African Americans, discussions about his racial identity typically
  vacillate between the ideologically charged options of "black" versus "not black
  enough" or between "black" and "black, but not like us."
- These blacks feel cramped by the narrowness of American racial politics, in
  which "blackness" has not just defined one's skin color but has served as a code
  word for African American
- 4 more annotations...
- - Secretary of State Colin L. Powell's
  - He emboldened Caribbean immigrants to resist African American pressures to erase
    their own cultural and historical distinctiveness.
  - competitive intra-racial tensions and cultural differences that have never been
    resolved.
  - A good proportion of immigrants tend to be better educated than African
    Americans, don't have the "chip" of racial resentment on their shoulder and
    exhibit the classic immigrant optimism about assimilation into the mainstream
    culture.
YouTube - Biden Responds to Obama 'Clean' Black Comment

a youtube news clip about the gaffe Biden made concerning Obama's "clean"ness

www.youtube.com/watch - Preview

obama APEnglish race biden on 2008-11-12
frontline: jefferson's blood: mixed race america: who is black? one nation's definition | PBS

An author finds problems with the historically narrow definition of "BLACK" linked with the white-imposed "one-drop" rule.

www.pbs.org/...onedrop.html - Preview

obama apenglish race on 2008-11-12 and saved by 2 people
- To be considered black in the United States not even half of one's ancestry must
  be African black
- But will one-fourth do, or one-eighth, or less?
- 6 more annotations...
- - "one-drop rule,''
  - anthropologists call it the "hypo-descent rule," meaning that racially mixed
    persons are assigned the status of the subordinate group
  - Let us not he confused by terminology.
  - the terms mulatto, colored, Negro, black, and African American all came to mean
    people with any known black African ancestry
  - Not only does the one-drop rule apply to no other group than American blacks,
    but apparently the rule is unique in that it is found only in the United States
    and not in any other nation in the world
  - We must first distinguish racial traits from cultural traits, since they are so
    often confused with each other. As defined in physical anthropology and biology,
    races are categories of human beings based on average differences in
    physical traits that are transmitted by the genes not by blood. Culture
    is a shared pattern of behavior and beliefs that are learned and transmitted
    through social communication. An ethnic group is a group with a sense of
    cultural identity, such as Czech or Jewish Americans, but it may also be a
    racially distinctive group. A group that is racially distinctive in society may
    be an ethnic group as well, but not necessarily. Although racially mixed, most
    blacks in the United States are physically distinguishable from whites, but they
    are also an ethnic group because of the distinctive culture they have developed
    within the general American framework.
Is Obama Black Enough? - TIME

Time article about whether Barack Obama is black enough.

www.time.com/...0,8599,1584736,00.html - Preview

obama race APEnglish on 2008-11-12 and saved by 4 people
- Ever since Barack Obama first ascended the national stage at the 2004 Democratic
  convention, pundits have been tripping over themselves to point out the
  difference between him and the average Joe from the South Side.
- Obama is biracial, and has a direct connection with Africa. He is articulate,
  young and handsome. He does not feel the need to yell "Reparations now!" into
  any available microphone.
- 7 more annotations...
- - question his authenticity as a black man
  - first mainstream African-American who is articulate and bright and clean and a
    nice-looking guy," the implication was that the black people who are regularly
    seen by whites — or at least those who aspire to the highest office in the land
    — are none of these things.
  - Black, in our political and social vocabulary, means those descended from West
    African slaves,"
  - New Republic columnist Peter Beinart have argued
    that Obama is seen as a "good black
  - agitators like Al Sharpton are seen as the authentic "bad blacks."
  - For years pundits excoriated young black kids for attacking other smart
    successful black kids by questioning their blackness
  - In 2004, when Sharpton ran for President, his traction among his alleged base
    was underwhelming. In South Carolina, where almost half of all registered Dems
    were black, both John Kerry and John Edwards received twice as many black votes
    as Sharpton

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Updated on 2008-11-12
Created on 2008-04-20

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chalkjockey the teacher's List: AP Slides on Race in America

Redefining 'black' - Los Angeles Times

YouTube - Biden Responds to Obama 'Clean' Black Comment

frontline: jefferson's blood: mixed race america: who is black? one nation's definition | PBS

Is Obama Black Enough? - TIME

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