Play as Webslides

anouk jurgens's List: Autism

Autism Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

www.ninds.nih.gov/...detail_autism.htm - Preview

on 2009-01-23 and saved by 15 people
- autism spectrum disorders (ASDs).
- Autistic children have difficulties with social interaction, problems with
  verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors or narrow,
  obsessive interests. These behaviors can range in impact from mild to
  disabling.
- 5 more annotations...
- - They also tend to start speaking later than other children and may refer to
    themselves by name instead of “I” or “me
  - Children with autism don’t know how to play interactively with other children
  - Other studies suggest that people with autism have abnormal levels of serotonin
    or other neurotransmitters in the brain.
  - n families with one autistic child, the risk of having a second child with the
    disorder is approximately 5 percent, or one in 20
  - Educational/behavioral interventions:
    Therapists use highly structured and intensive skill-oriented training sessions
    to help children develop social and language skills. Family counseling for
    the parents and siblings of children with autism often helps families cope with
    the particular challenges of living with an autistic child.
    
    Medications: Doctors often prescribe an
    antidepressant medication to handle symptoms of anxiety, depression, or
    obsessive-compulsive disorder. Anti-psychotic medications are used to
    treat severe behavioral problems. Seizures can be treated with one or more
    of the anticonvulsant drugs. Stimulant drugs, such as those used for
    children with attention deficit disorder (ADD), are sometimes used effectively
    to help decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity.
    
    Other therapies: There are a number of
    controversial therapies or interventions available for autistic children, but
    few, if any, are supported by scientific studies. Parents should use caution
    before adopting any of these treatments.
Autism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/Autism - Preview

on 2009-01-23 and saved by 17 people
- The prevalence of ASD is about
  6 per 1,000 people, with about four times as many boys as girls
- Autism is a brain development disorder
  characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by
  restricted and repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is
  three years old.^[2] The
  autism spectrum disorders (ASD) also
  include related conditions with milder signs and symptoms.^[3
- 7 more annotations...
- - Autism has a strong genetic basis, although the genetics of
    autism are complex and it is unclear whether ASD is explained more by
    multigene interactions or by rare mutations with major effects.^[
  - Parents usually notice signs in the first two years of their child's life.
  - impairments in social interaction; impairments in communication; and restricted
    interests and repetitive behavior. Other aspects, such as atypical eating, are
    also common but are not essential for diagnosis
  - People with autism have social impairments and often lack the intuition about
    others that many people take for granted
  - Autistic infants show less attention to social stimuli, smile and look at others
    less often, and respond less to their own name. Autistic toddlers have more
    striking social deviance; for example, they have less eye contact and anticipatory postures and are more
    likely to communicate by manipulating another person's hand.^[16] Three- to
    five-year-old autistic children are less likely to exhibit social understanding,
    approach others spontaneously, imitate and respond to emotions, communicate
    nonverbally, and take turns with others. However, they do form attachments to their primary caregivers
  - A 2007 study interviewed parents of 67 children with ASD and reported that about
    two-thirds of the children had periods of severe tantrums and about one-third
    had a history of aggression, with tantrums significantly more common than in
    children with a history of language impairment.^[21] A 2008
    Swedish study found that, of individuals aged 15 or older discharged from
    hospital with a diagnosis of ASD, those who committed violent crimes were
    significantly more likely to have other psychopathological conditions such as psychosis.^[22]
  - Stereotypy is
    apparently purposeless movement, such as hand flapping, head rolling, or body
    rocking.
    Compulsive behavior is intended and
    appears to follow rules, such as arranging objects in a certain way.
    Sameness is resistance to change; for example, insisting that the
    furniture not be moved or refusing to be interrupted.
    Ritualistic
    behavior involves the performance of daily activities the same way each
    time, such as an unvarying menu or dressing ritual. This is closely associated
    with sameness and an independent validation has suggested combining the two
    factors.^[29]
    Restricted behavior is limited in focus, interest, or activity, such
    as preoccupation with a single television program or toy.
    Self-injury
    includes movements that injure or can injure the person, such as biting oneself.
    A 2007 study reported that self-injury at some point affected about 30% of
    children with ASD.^[21]

1 - 2 of 2

Showing 20▼ items per page

List Comments (0)

List Info

anouk jurgens

2 items | 5 visits

Updated on 2009-01-23
Created on 2009-01-23

Category: Health & Wellness

URL:

anouk jurgens's List: Autism

Autism Fact Sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

Autism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List Info

Sponsored Links

anouk jurgens's Public Lists (9)