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21 May 08
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The Yalta Conference
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The compromises made failed to completely satisfy any of the participants but led to the Allied occupation of Germany, the rise of the iron curtain, and the establishment of the United Nations (UN).
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from February 4 to February 11, 1945
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was called at the request of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, included British prime minister Winston Churchill and U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt.
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The meeting was called as Soviet armies rapidly advanced toward Berlin.
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British and U.S. forces were preparing to invade Germany
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surrender of Adolf Hitler and his Third Reich was imminent
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was also in the midst of invading Japan.
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most important issue discussed at the conference was the fate of postwar Germany
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three leaders planned the Allied occupation and split Germany into four occupation zones with France as the fourth occupying power.
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Germany to pay the Soviet Union war reparations to compensate for 20 million
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Russian deaths.
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Soviet Union was given great influence over most of Eastern Europe
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Poland, Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, and parts of Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia would be granted independent governments with free elections,
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would have to be Soviet friendly.
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decision was in effect the birth of the "iron curtain," as Churchill coined it.
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also won additional geopolitical security through the renegotiation of Poland's borders and the recomposition of Poland's government.
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conference scheduled another meeting in April 1945 at which the UN would be established.
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seized on the opportunity to promote the establishment of a world organization to maintain the postwar peace.
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was the strategy to defeat Japan.
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exchange for the return of territory in the Far East, Stalin promised that he would declare war on Japan within 90 days of Germany's surrender.
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he Soviets entered the Allies' war against Japan on August 8, 1945, two days after U.S. president Harry Truman ordered the atomic bombing of Japan that quickly brought an end to World War II.
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