marcell mars's personal annotations on this page
Marcell bookmarked
on 2009-09-10
"..here are a few notes on how to configure operating systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion centers around Unix-like operating systems."
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here are a few notes on how to configure operating
systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion
centers around Unix-like operating systems
This link has been bookmarked by 80 people . It was first bookmarked on 02 Mar 2006, by Wade Ren.
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Yi Wang"C10K"
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Harjeet SinghThe C10K problem
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RuudWebserver 10k problem
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Chris McCooeyIt's time for web servers to handle ten thousand clients simultaneously, don't you think? After all, the web is a big place now.
And computers are big, too. You can buy a 1000MHz machine with 2 gigabytes of RAM and an 1000Mbit/sec Ethernet card for $1200 or so. Let's see - at 20000 clients, that's 50KHz, 100Kbytes, and 50Kbits/sec per client. It shouldn't take any more horsepower than that to take four kilobytes from the disk and send them to the network once a second for each of twenty thousand clients. (That works out to $0.08 per client, by the way. Those $100/client licensing fees some operating systems charge are starting to look a little heavy!) So hardware is no longer the bottleneck.
In 1999 one of the busiest ftp sites, cdrom.com, actually handled 10000 clients simultaneously through a Gigabit Ethernet pipe. As of 2001, that same speed is now being offered by several ISPs, who expect it to become increasingly popular with large business customers.
And the thin client model of computing appears to be coming back in style -- this time with the server out on the Internet, serving thousands of clients.
With that in mind, here are a few notes on how to configure operating systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion centers around Unix-like operating systems, as that's my personal area of interest, but Windows is also covered a bit.-
It's time for web servers to handle ten thousand clients simultaneously,
don't you think? After all, the web is a big place now.
And computers are big, too. You can buy a 1000MHz machine
with 2 gigabytes of RAM and an 1000Mbit/sec Ethernet card for $1200 or so.
Let's see - at 20000 clients, that's
50KHz, 100Kbytes, and 50Kbits/sec per client.
It shouldn't take any more horsepower than that to take four kilobytes
from the disk and send them to the network once a second for each
of twenty thousand clients.
(That works out to $0.08 per client, by the way. Those
$100/client licensing fees some operating systems charge are starting to
look a little heavy!) So hardware is no longer the bottleneck.
In 1999 one of the busiest ftp sites, cdrom.com,
actually handled 10000 clients simultaneously
through a Gigabit Ethernet pipe.
As of 2001, that same speed is now
being offered by several ISPs,
who expect it to become increasingly popular with large business customers.
And the thin client model of computing appears to be coming back in
style -- this time with the server out on the Internet, serving
thousands of clients.
With that in mind, here are a few notes on how to configure operating
systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion
centers around Unix-like operating systems, as that's my personal area
of interest, but Windows is also covered a bit.
-
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marcell mars
"..here are a few notes on how to configure operating systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion centers around Unix-like operating systems."
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here are a few notes on how to configure operating
systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion
centers around Unix-like operating systems
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Russdiscussion about scaling web servers to > 20,000 simultaneous connections.
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rhythmaddictHigh performance web sites scale
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level-triggered
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Generally only usable with network I/O, not disk I/O.
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morphis ff有关服务器设计的好文章收集
1)High-Performance Server Architecture
如题目所示，高性能服务器设计时需要考虑的几个问题，属于作者的经验总结，这篇文章也应了我对做服务器开发一贯理解：这是一个可以吃老本的活儿~~
2)The C10K problem
著名的"C10K"问题，也是做服务器开发需要关注的问题之一。 -
Fabio de MirandaHow to make a server serve 10000 client requests
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Daniel Dvarious multi-threading server strategies in both linux and windows. High level, with links to various options and APIs
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Marc Ordinas i LlopisIt's time for web servers to handle ten thousand clients simultaneously, don't you think? After all, the web is a big place now.
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Unfortunately, select() is limited to FD_SETSIZE handles.
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There is no hardcoded limit to the number of file descriptors poll() can handle,
but it does get slow about a few thousand, since most of the file descriptors
are idle at any one time, and scanning through thousands of file descriptors
takes time. - 3 more annotations...
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Alex KapranoffDifferent OSes do it differently.
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koei kimlibevent is a lightweight C I/O framework by Niels Provos. It supports kqueue and select, and soon will support poll and epoll. It's level-triggered only, I think, which has both good and bad sides. Niels has a nice graph of time to
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Sander van Zoesta few notes on how to configure operating systems and write code to support thousands of clients. The discussion centers around Unix-like operating systems, for obvious reasons.
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bandrisnotes on how to serve lots of clients with a single server -
threading articles + lots more
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