India’s becoming a top global innovator for high-tech products and services. Yet, the country is underperforming relative to its innovation potential. To sustain competitiveness, economic growth, and rising living standards over the long term, India needs to aggressively harness its innovation potential.
Chapter 1: The Indian Context and Enabling Environment
Chapter 2: Creating and Commercializing Knowledge
Chapter 3: Diffusing and Absorbing Knowledge
Chapter 4: Promoting Inclusive Innovation
Chapter 5: Strengthening Skills and Education for Innovation
Chapter 6: Upgrading Information Infrastructure
Chapter 7: Enhancing Innovation Finance
Mark Andrew Dutz, Senior Economist, South Asia Region, World Bank
Facts:
- Domestic R&D spending has never exceeded 1% of GDP.
- India's stock of scientists and engineers engaged in R&D is among the largest in the world.
- Only 16% of Indian manufacturing firms provide in-service training; firms that provide in-service training are up to 28% more productive.
- The sectors most open to competition have increased R&D spending the most.
- The informal sector accounts for roughly 90% of the workforce.
- Only 10-25% of general college graduates are suitable for employment.
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