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Bergquist 1986: "First oil and then banana workers mounted the great, sustained strikes that culminated in the infamous slaughter of perhaps a thousand striking banana workers and their families near Santa Marta in December 1928. It was the worst labor massacre in Colombian labor history" (page 334).
Hartlyn 1988: "A strike against the United Fruit Company in 1928 was brutally repressed, seriously affecting the reputation of the Conservative government" (page 29).
Henderson 1985: "Antigovernment feelings rose to new heights all across Colombia when, late in 1928, government soldiers attacked and massacred striking banana harvesters on the Atlantic coast. Socialists labeled it as a blatant example of the national government working in league with foreign exploiters of the people, in this case the United Fruit Company" (page 71).
Horgan 1983: "Predictably, the government blamed outside agitators for the outbreaks of violence that started after a long impasse. A state of siege was declared on 4 December, and on 6 December, General Carlos Cortés Vargas ordered the army to open fire on the multitude of strikers in the central plaza of Ciénaga. The army counted eighty bodies, but the total death toll was closer to one thousand" (page 41).
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