This link has been bookmarked by 22 people . It was first bookmarked on 08 Aug 2008, by evgeny yauhenio.
-
03 May 15
-
26 Jun 14
-
the ability to learn grammar is hard-wired into the brain.
-
there are properties that all natural human languages share
-
linguistic ability manifests itself without being taught
-
Chomsky argued that the human brain contains a limited set of rules for organizing language.
-
This implies in turn that all languages have a common structural basis; the set of rules is what is known as universal grammar
-
- If a language is head-initial (like English), it will have prepositional phrases; if and only if it is head-final (like Japanese) will it have post-positional phrases.[25]
- If a language has a word for purple, it will have a word for red.[25]
Universal Grammar is made up of a set of rules that apply to most or all natural human languages. Most of these rules come in the form of "if a language has a feature X, it will also have the feature Y." Rules that are widely considered as part of UG include:
-
-
25 Apr 14
-
brought up under normal conditions
-
develop language with a certain property X
-
posit a difference between nouns and verbs
-
categorize events and objects as different classes of things
-
nouns
-
verbs
-
only a mechanism for combining symbols in a particular way
-
phonemes
-
word orders
-
common structural basis
-
-
10 Mar 14
-
theory suggests that linguistic ability manifests itself without being taught
-
-
22 Feb 14
-
-
20 Feb 13
J Scott HillThis is an important theory that proposes a universalist theory contradicting linguistic relativism.
-
the ability to learn grammar is hard-wired into the brain.[1] The theory suggests that linguistic ability manifests itself without being taught (see poverty of the stimulus), and that there are properties that all natural human languages share. It is a matter of observation and experimentation to determine precisely what abilities are innate and what properties are shared by all languages.
-
The presence of creole languages is sometimes cited as further support for this theory, especially by Bickerton's controversial language bioprogram theory. Creoles are languages that are developed and formed when different societies come together and are forced to devise their own system of communication.
-
As these speakers' children begin to acquire their first language, they use the pidgin input to effectively create their own original language, known as a creole. Unlike pidgins, creoles have native speakers and make use of a full grammar.
-
-
07 Jan 13
-
theory in linguistics, usually credited to Noam Chomsky, proposing that the ability to learn grammar is hard-wired into the brain
-
-
03 Jun 12
-
theory in linguistics
-
proposing that the ability to learn grammar is hard-wired into the brain
-
theory suggests that linguistic ability manifests itself without being taught, and that there are properties that all natural human languages share
-
always develop a language with property X
-
If human beings growing up under normal conditions
-
then property X is a property of universal grammar
-
-
22 Oct 11
-
27 Sep 11
-
27 Aug 11
-
20 Jun 10
-
Universal grammar (UG) is a theory of linguistics postulating principles of grammar shared by all languages, thought to be innate to humans (nativism). It attempts to explain language acquisition in general, not describe specific languages. Universal grammar proposes a set of rules intended to explain language acquisition in child development.
-
The idea can be traced to Roger Bacon's observation that all languages are built upon a common grammar
-
Universal Grammar, as hypothesized by Chomsky, has long been controversial due to its strong innatist assumptions and lack of empirical basis
-
heated debate occurs over whether UG constraints are essentially universal due to being "hard-wired" (Chomsky's Principles and Parameters approach), a logical consequence of a specific syntactic architecture (the Generalized Phrase Structure approach) or the result of functional constraints on communication (the functionalist approach).
-
Linguist Noam Chomsky made the argument that the human brain contains a limited set of rules for organizing language. In turn, there is an assumption that all languages have a common structural basis. This set of rules is known as universal grammar.
-
Speakers proficient in a language know what expressions are acceptable in their language and what expressions are unacceptable. The key puzzle is how speakers should come to know the restrictions of their language, since expressions that violate those restrictions are not present in the input, indicated as such. This absence of negative evidence—that is, absence of evidence that an expression is part of a class of the ungrammatical sentences in one's language—is the core of the poverty of stimulus argument.
-
-
08 Aug 08
evgeny yauhenioUniversal grammar is a theory of linguistics postulating principles of grammar shared by all languages, thought to be innate to humans (linguistic nativism). It attempts to explain language acquisition in general, not describe specific languages. Universal grammar proposes a set of rules intended to explain language acquisition in child development.
********
Arguments for the Chomskyan thesis.
********Speed of acquisition. All mentally healthy children learn to speak the
language that they are exposed to within the first few years of life
********All humans learn to speak. In contrast to singing or athletic ability, all
humans acquire the ability to speak fluently
********The critical-age hypothesis. Language learning ability erodes as we get
older.
********Age gradation. Small children of immigrants learn the new
country’s language perfectly; people who come to a new country
in their early teens often master the language almost perfectly but
have slight accents; people who immigrate as full adults often
never fully master the new language even with considerable effort
********Maturational stages in nature. This parallels a common tendency
in organisms for certain genetically specified features to be
programmed to appear at certain stages in the life cycle, then erode
as they are no longer necessarY
********Our lesser ability later in life would trace to the fact that there is no reason connected to survival for us to be programmed to learn languages
later.grammar linguistics grammaer english language universal grammar
-
22 May 08
-
28 Apr 07
-
01 Dec 06
Would you like to comment?
Join Diigo for a free account, or sign in if you are already a member.