Peace of Westphalia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - The Diigo Meta page

• 21 Feb 15
  

  peace wikipedia europe History

• 21 Jul 13
  

  vineethchalla

  • The Peace of Westphalia was a series of peace treaties signed between May and October 1648 in Osnabrück and Münster. These treaties ended the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) between Spain and the Dutch Republic, with Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic.

     

    The Peace of Westphalia treaties involved the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand III, of the House of Habsburg, the Kingdom of Spain, the Kingdom of France, the Swedish Empire, the Dutch Republic, the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, and sovereigns of the free imperial cities and can be denoted by two major events.
• 07 May 12
  

  Linna Loh

  peace

• 16 Jan 11
  

  Simon Barker

  • The Peace of Westphalia treaties involved the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand III of the House of Habsburg, the Kingdoms of Spain, France, Sweden, the Dutch Republic, the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, and sovereigns of the Free imperial cities and can be denoted by two major events.

     
     
    • The signing of the Peace of Münster^[1] between the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of Spain on 30 January 1648, officially ratified in Münster on 15 May 1648.
     
    • The signing of two complementary treaties on 24 October 1648, namely: 
       
      • The Treaty of Münster (Instrumentum Pacis Monasteriensis, IPM),^[2] concerning the Holy Roman Emperor and France and their respective allies.
       
      • The Treaty of Osnabrück (Instrumentum Pacis Osnabrugensis, IPO),^[3] concerning the Holy Roman Emperor, the Empire and Sweden and their respective allies.
  • The treaties resulted from the first modern diplomatic congress, thereby initiating a new political order in central Europe, based upon the concept of a sovereign state governed by a sovereign
  • The peace negotiations had no exact beginning and ending, because the participating total of 109 delegations never met in a plenary session, but dropped in between 1643 and 1646 and left between 1647 and 1649. Between January 1646 and July 1647 probably the largest number of diplomats were present. Delegations had been sent by 16 European states, sixty-six Imperial States, representing the interests of a total of 140 involved Imperial States, and 27 interest groups, representing the interests of a variety of a total of 38 groups.^[5]

  1 more annotation...

• 07 Sep 10
  

  Brady Bialek

  peace_westphalia

  • and Sweden and their respective allies
  • resulted from the first modern diplomatic congress, thereby initiating a new political order in central Europe, based upon the concept of a sovereign state
  • the Treaty of the Pyrenees (1659), ending the Franco–Spanish War (1635–59), is considered part of the Peace of Westphalia

  1 more annotation...

• 24 Jun 10
  

  bawebb
• 07 Feb 09
  

  Ilan Gordon

  "establishes that no supernational authority (e.g. catholic church) can make or negate alliances made between sovereigns" (quote from Principles of International Politics by de Mesquita)

  toread

• 20 Oct 08
  

  Wisely

  history sovereignty

• 12 Sep 08
  

  Jack Hall

  group project

• 19 Jul 08
  

  Alexandre Enkerli

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