Hurricane Katrina - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

20 Apr 15

Rachael cortright

Hurricane Katrina was the eleventh named storm and fifth hurricane of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States.

28 Jul 14

mcmillennick

09 Feb 14

Sean Champ

Katrina Civil Engineering Louisiana New Orleans

On May 2, 2008, Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal used a speech to The National Press Club to request that President Bush free up money to complete work on Louisiana's levees. Bush promised to include the levee funding in his 2009 budget
but rejected the idea of including the funding in a war bill, which would pass sooner.^[156]

17 Oct 13

Szymon Snoeck

Many people living in the South Florida area were unaware when Katrina strengthened from a tropical storm to a hurricane in one day and struck southern Florida near the Miami-Dade – Broward county line. The hurricane struck between the cities of Aventura, in Miami-Dade County, and Hallandale, in Broward County, on Thursday, August 25, 2005. However, National Hurricane Center (NHC) forecasts had correctly predicted that Katrina would intensify to hurricane strength before landfall, and hurricane watches and warnings were issued 31.5 hours and 19.5 hours before landfall, respectively — only slightly less than the target thresholds of 36 and 24 hours.^[1]

Ethan Tate

30 Jul 13

charryan2005

10 May 13

Bronte' Hall

15 Apr 13

sierra_sucks

katrina reference neworleans weather hurricane

05 Feb 13

Jarya H

Hurricane Katrina was the deadliest and most destructive Atlantic hurricane of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one

of the five deadliest hurricanes  , in the history of the United States  . ^[3] Among recorded Atlantic hurricanes  , it was the sixth strongest overall  . At least 1,833   people died in the hurricane and subsequent floods, making it the deadliest

U.S.   hurricane since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane  ; total property damage was estimated at $81   billion (2005 USD), ^[3] nearly triple the damage brought by Hurricane Andrew in 1992. ^[4]

Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005
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This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. For other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Katrina.
This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. For other storms of the same name, see Tropical Storm Katrina
<div class="dablink"> This article is about the Atlantic hurricane of 2005. For other storms of the same name, see <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Katrina_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical Storm Katrina (disambiguation)"> Tropical Storm Katrina </a> . </div> <table class="infobox vevent" style="WIDTH: 22em; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse"> <caption class="summary">Hurricane Katrina</caption> <tbody> <tr> <th style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #ff6060" colspan="2">Category 5 hurricane (<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saffir%E2%80%93Simpson_Hurricane_Scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale">SSHS</a>)</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg/220px-Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg" height="284" width="220" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg/330px-Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg/440px-Hurricane_Katrina_August_28_2005_NASA.jpg 2x" alt=""></a></td></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" colspan="2">Hurricane Katrina at peak strength on August 28, 2005</td></tr> <tr style="BORDER-TOP: #aaa 1px solid"> <th>Formed</th> <td>August 23, 2005</td></tr> <tr> <th>Dissipated</th> <td>August 30, 2005</td></tr> <tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f0f0; BORDER-TOP: #aaa 1px solid"> <th>Highest winds</th> <td style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f0f0"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone_scales#Wind_speed_conversions" title="Tropical cyclone scales">1-minute sustained</a>: 175 mph (280 km/h)</td></tr> <tr style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #aaa 1px solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f0f0"> <th>Lowest pressure</th> <td>902 <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_(unit)" title="Bar (unit)">mbar</a> (<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">hPa</a>); 26.64 <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">inHg</a></td></tr> <tr> <th>Fatalities</th> <td class="note">1,833 confirmed<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/#cite_note-summarysep152011-1">[1]</a></td></tr> <tr> <th>Damage</th> <td class="note">$108 billion (2005 <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a>) (<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_costliest_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes">Costliest</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurricane">hurricane</a> in US history<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/#cite_note-Dead_2011-2">[2]</a>)</td></tr> <tr> <th>Areas affected</th> <td class="location"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Florida" title="South Florida">South Florida</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> (especially <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_New_Orleans" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater New Orleans">Greater New Orleans</a>), <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Panhandle" title="Florida Panhandle">Florida Panhandle</a>, most of eastern <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a></td></tr> <tr style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f0f0f0; BORDER-TOP: #aaa 1px solid"> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" colspan="2">Part of the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="2005 Atlantic hurricane season">2005 Atlantic hurricane season</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" cellpadding="0" style="BORDER-BOTTOM: #aaa 1px solid; TEXT-ALIGN: center; BORDER-LEFT: #aaa 1px solid; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.2em; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.4em; MARGIN: 0px 0px 1em 1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.2em; BORDER-SPACING: 0.4em 0; WIDTH: 22em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.2em; BACKGROUND: #f9f9f9; FLOAT: right; CLEAR: right; FONT-SIZE: 88%; BORDER-TOP: #aaa 1px solid; BORDER-RIGHT: #aaa 1px solid; PADDING-TOP: 0.2em" cellspacing="5"> <tbody> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.2em; LINE-HEIGHT: 1.2em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.4em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.4em; FONT-SIZE: 145%; PADDING-TOP: 0.2em">Hurricane Katrina</th></tr> <tr> <td style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0.2em"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg/220px-Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg" height="137" width="220" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg/330px-Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg/440px-Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg 2x" alt="Katrina-noaaGOES12.jpg"></a></td></tr> <tr> <td style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.3em; FONT-STYLE: italic; PADDING-LEFT: 0.4em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.4em; FONT-WEIGHT: bold; PADDING-TOP: 0.3em"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="2005 Atlantic hurricane season">2005 Atlantic hurricane season</a></td></tr> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em">General</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Timeline of Hurricane Katrina">Timeline</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorological_history_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Meteorological history of Hurricane Katrina">Meteorological history</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_tornado_outbreak" title="Hurricane Katrina tornado outbreak">Tornado outbreak</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preparations_for_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Preparations for Hurricane Katrina">Preparations</a> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_preparedness_for_New_Orleans" title="Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans">New Orleans preparedness</a></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em">Impact</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Economic effects of Hurricane Katrina">Economic effects</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Political effects of Hurricane Katrina">Political effects</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_government_response_to_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina">Criticism of government response</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Social effects of Hurricane Katrina">Social effects</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_effects_by_region" title="Hurricane Katrina effects by region">Effects by region</a> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina_in_Florida" title="Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Florida">Effects on Florida</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina_in_Mississippi" title="Effects of Hurricane Katrina in Mississippi">Effects on Mississippi</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Katrina_in_New_Orleans" title="Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans">Effects on New Orleans</a> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_levee_failures_in_Greater_New_Orleans" title="2005 levee failures in Greater New Orleans">Levee failures</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering_and_infrastructure_repair_in_New_Orleans_after_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Civil engineering and infrastructure repair in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina">Infrastructure repairs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstruction_of_New_Orleans" title="Reconstruction of New Orleans">Reconstruction</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em">Relief</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_disaster_relief" title="Hurricane Katrina disaster relief">Disaster relief</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_response_to_Hurricane_Katrina" title="International response to Hurricane Katrina">International response</a></li></ul></td></tr> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em">Analysis</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_and_global_warming" title="Hurricane Katrina and global warming">Global warming</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina_in_historical_context" title="Hurricane Katrina in historical context">Historical context</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_coverage_of_Hurricane_Katrina" title="Media coverage of Hurricane Katrina">Media coverage</a></li></ul></td></tr> <tr> <th style="PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.1em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0.1em">External links</th></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0.4em; PADDING-LEFT: 0.1em; PADDING-RIGHT: 0.1em; PADDING-TOP: 0px"> <ul> <li><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" height="16" width="12" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" alt=""> Media related to <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/category:Hurricane_Katrina" class="extiw" title="commons:category:Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="image"><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/16px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" height="9" width="16" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/24px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/32px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" alt="Wikinews-logo.svg"></a> News related to <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org//en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:New_Orleans_Disaster" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Category:New Orleans Disaster">Katrina stories</a> at <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a></li> <li><img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" height="16" width="15" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" alt=""> Works related to <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org//en.wikisource.org/wiki/Category:Hurricane_Katrina" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Category:Hurricane Katrina">Katrina sources</a> at Wikisource</li></ul></td></tr> <tr> <td style="TEXT-ALIGN: right; FONT-SIZE: 115%"> <div class="noprint plainlinks hlist navbar mini" sizcache008251837873968631="2 2 7" sizset="true"> <ul sizcache008251837873968631="2 2 7" sizset="false"> <li class="nv-view"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Katrina" title="Template:Katrina">v</a></li> <li class="nv-talk"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Katrina" title="Template talk:Katrina">t</a></li> <li class="nv-edit hlist-last-child"><a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Katrina&action=edit" class="external text">e</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Hurricane Katrina was the deadliest and most destructive <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.orghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_tropical_cyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic tropical cyclone">Atlantic hurricane</a> of the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Atlantic_hurricane_season" title="2005 Atlantic hurricane season">2005 Atlantic hurricane season</a>. It was the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_costliest_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes">costliest</a> natural disaster, as well as one of the five <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deadliest_Atlantic_hurricanes" title="List of deadliest Atlantic hurricanes">deadliest</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_cyclone" title="Tropical cyclone">hurricanes</a>, in the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States" title="History of the United States">history of the United States</a>.<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/#cite_note-KatrinaTCR-3">[3]</a> Among recorded <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_tropical_cyclone" class="mw-redirect" title="North Atlantic tropical cyclone">Atlantic hurricanes</a>, it was the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_most_intense_tropical_cyclones#North_Atlantic_Ocean" title="List of the most intense tropical cyclones">sixth strongest overall</a>. At least 1,833 people died in the hurricane and subsequent floods, making it the deadliest U.S. hurricane since the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1928_Okeechobee_hurricane" title="1928 Okeechobee hurricane">1928 Okeechobee hurricane</a>; total property damage was estimated at $81 billion (2005 USD),<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/#cite_note-KatrinaTCR-3">[3]</a> nearly triple the damage brought by <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Andrew" title="Hurricane Andrew">Hurricane Andrew</a> in 1992.<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/#cite_note-andrewtcr-4">[4]</a>
of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States.^[3] Among recorded Atlantic hurricanes, it was the sixth strongest overall. At least 1,833 people died in the hurricane and subsequent floods, making it the deadliest

U.S. hurricane since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane; total property damage was estimated at $81 billion (2005 USD),^[3] nearly triple the damage brought by Hurricane Andrew in 1992.^[4]

Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005
U.S.
causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico. The hurricane strengthened to a Category 5 hurricane over the warm Gulf water, but weakened before making its second landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana. It caused severe destruction along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to
and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane,

causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico . The hurricane strengthened to a Category 5 hurricane over the warm Gulf water, but weakened before making its second landfall as a Category 3 hurricane on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana. It caused severe destruction along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge. The most significant number of deaths occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana, which flooded as the levee system catastrophically failed, in many cases hours after the storm had moved inland.^[5] Eventually 80% of the city and large tracts of neighboring parishes became flooded, and the floodwaters lingered for weeks.^[5] However, the worst property damage occurred in coastal areas, such as all Mississippi beachfront towns, which were flooded over 90% in hours, as boats and casino barges rammed buildings, pushing cars and houses inland, with waters reaching 6–12 miles (10–19 km) from the beach.

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13 Dec 12

Tyler a

01 Nov 12

Jason Eaton

Hurricane Katrina formed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23, 2005 as the result of an interaction of a tropical wave and the remains of Tropical Depression Ten. The system was upgraded to tropical storm status on the morning of August 24 and at this point, the storm was given the name Katrina. The tropical storm continued to move towards Florida, and became a hurricane only two hours before it made landfall between Hallandale Beach and Aventura on the morning of August 25. The storm weakened over land, but it regained hurricane status about one hour after entering the Gulf of Mexico.^[3]

24 Sep 12

mattsh123

katrina hurricane Geography

Early in September, Congress authorized a total of $62.3 billion in aid for victims.
FEMA provided housing assistance (rental assistance, trailers, etc.) to more than 700,000 applicants—families and individuals
However, only one-fifth of the trailers requested in Orleans Parish were supplied, resulting in an enormous housing shortage in the city of New Orleans.
As of March 30, 2010, there were still 260 families living in FEMA-provided trailers in Louisiana and Mississippi
Over seventy countries pledged monetary donations or other assistance.

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30 Apr 12

regansongs

New Orleans

The hurricane surge protection failures in New Orleans are considered the worst civil engineering disaster in U.S history^[6] and prompted a lawsuit against the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the designers and builders of the levee system as mandated by the Flood Control Act of 1965. Responsibility for the failures and flooding was laid squarely on the Army Corps in January 2008 by Judge Stanwood Duval, US District Court,^[7] but the federal agency could not be held financially liable due to sovereign immunity in the Flood Control Act of 1928. There was also an investigation of the responses from federal, state and local governments, resulting in the resignation of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) director Michael D. Brown, and of New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) Superintendent Eddie Compass.
Several agencies including the United States Coast Guard (USCG), National Hurricane Center (NHC), and National Weather Service (NWS) were commended for their actions. They provided accurate hurricane weather tracking forecasts with sufficient lead time.^[8] Unfortunately, even the most insistent appeals from national, state and local public officials to residents to evacuate before the storm did not warn that the levees could breach and fail.^[9]
caused 53 different levee breaches in greater New Orleans, submerging eighty percent of the city.
two-thirds of the flooding were caused by the multiple failures of the city's floodwalls.
Not mentioned were the flood gates that were not closed.
Finally, as part of the cleanup effort, the flood waters that covered New Orleans were pumped into Lake Pontchartrain, a process that took 43 days to complete.^[39] These residual waters contained a mix of raw sewage, bacteria, heavy metals, pesticides, toxic chemicals, and oil, which sparked fears in the scientific community of massive numbers of fish dying.^[
Prior to the storm, subsidence and erosion caused erosion in the Louisiana wetlands and bayous. This, along with the canals built in the area, allowed for Katrina to maintain more of its intensity when it struck.^[87]

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20 Apr 12

Melanie Giddings

There are a lot of credible sources for this site.

hurricane katrina

27 Oct 11

hodfleishman

Katrina
one of the five deadliest hurricanes
sixth strongest overall.
1,836 people died
hurricane and in the subsequent floods,
total property damage was estimated at $81 billion
formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005
crossed southern
Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane
making its second
weakened
strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico
landfall as a Category 3 storm on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana.
The most significant number of deaths occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana, which flooded as the levee system catastrophically failed,
80% of the city
floodwaters lingered for weeks.
parishes became flooded
waters reaching 6–12 miles
worst civil
engineering disaster in U.S history
Responsibility for the failures and flooding was laid squarely on the Army Corps in January 2008
federal agency could not be held financially liable due to sovereign immunity
resulting in the resignation of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) director Michael D. Brown, and of New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) Superintendent Eddie Compass.
formed
August 23
became a hurricane only two hours before it made landfall between Hallandale Beach and Aventura on the morning of August 25
The storm rapidly intensified after entering the Gulf, growing from a Category 3 hurricane to a Category 5 hurricane in just nine hours.
This rapid growth was due to the storm's movement over the "unusually warm" waters of the Loop Current, which increased wind speeds
Katrina made its second landfall at 1110 UTC (6:10 a.m. CDT) on Monday, August 29 as a Category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 125 mph (205 km/h) near Buras-Triumph, Louisiana. At landfall, hurricane-force winds
Preparations
Federal government

Flanked by Michael Chertoff, Secretary of Homeland Security, left, and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, President George W. Bush meets with members of the White House Task Force on Hurricane Katrina Recovery on August 31, 2005, in the Cabinet Room of the White House.

On the morning of Friday, August 26, at 10 am CDT (1500 UTC), Katrina had strengthened to a Category 3 storm in the Gulf of Mexico. Later that afternoon, the NHC realized that Katrina had yet to make the turn toward the Florida Panhandle and ended up revising the predicted track of the storm from the panhandle to the Mississippi coast.^[10]^[11] The NHC issued a hurricane watch for southeastern Louisiana, including the New Orleans area at 10 am CDT Saturday, August 27. That afternoon the NHC extended the watch to cover the Mississippi and Alabama coastlines as well as the Louisiana coast to Intracoastal City.
The United States Coast Guard began prepositioning resources in a ring around the expected impact zone and activated more than 400 reservists
President of the United States George W. Bush declared a state of emergency in selected regions of Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi on Saturday, the 27th
That same evening, the NHC upgraded the storm alert status from hurricane watch to hurricane warning over the stretch of coastline between Morgan City, Louisiana to the Alabama-Florida border, 12 hours after the watch alert had been issued, and also issued a tropical storm warning for the westernmost Florida Panhandle.^[3]
During video conferences involving the president on August 28 and 29, the director of the National Hurricane Center, Max Mayfield, expressed concern that Katrina might push its storm surge over the city's levees and flood walls. In one conference, he stated, "I do not think anyone can tell you with confidence right now whether the levees will be topped or not, but that's obviously a very, very great concern."^[16]
On Sunday, August 28, as the sheer size of Katrina became clear, the NHC extended the tropical storm warning zone to cover most of the Louisiana coastline and a larger portion of the Florida Panhandle. The National Weather Service's New Orleans/Baton Rouge office issued a vividly worded bulletin predicting that the area would be "uninhabitable for weeks" after "devastating damage" caused by Katrina, which at that time rivaled the intensity of Hurricane Camille.^[17] "On Sunday, August 28, President Bush spoke with Governor Blanco to encourage her to order a mandatory evacuation of New Orleans." (Per page 235 of Special Report of the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs)^[18]
Gulf Coast

Radar image of Hurricane Katrina making landfall in Louisiana

On August 26, the state of Mississippi activated its National Guard in preparation for the storm's landfall. Additionally, the state government activated its Emergency Operations Center the next day, and local governments began issuing evacuation orders. By 6:00 pm CDT on August 28, 11 counties and eleven cities issued evacuation orders, a number which increased to 41 counties and 61 cities by the following morning. Moreover, 57 emergency shelters were established on coastal communities, with 31 additional shelters available to open if needed.^[8] Louisiana's hurricane evacuation plan calls for local governments in areas along and near the coast to evacuate in three phases, starting with the immediate coast 50 hours before the start of tropical storm force winds. Persons in areas designated Phase II begin evacuating 40 hours before the onset of tropical storm winds and those in Phase III areas (including New Orleans) evacuate 30 hours before the start of such winds.^[23]
Many private caregiving facilities that relied on bus companies and ambulance services for evacuation were unable to evacuate their charges because they waited too long.
Louisiana's Emergency Operations Plan Supplement 1C(Part II, section II paragraph D) calls for use of school and other public buses in evacuations.^[24] Although buses that later flooded were available to transport those dependent upon public transportation, not enough bus drivers were available to drive them as Governor Blanco did not sign an emergency waiver to allow any licensed driver to transport evacuees on school buses
By August 26, the possibility of unprecedented cataclysm was already being considered. Many of the computer models had shifted the potential path of Katrina 150 miles (240 km) westward from the Florida Panhandle, putting the city of New Orleans directly in the center of their track probabilities; the chances of a direct hit were forecast at 17%, with strike probability rising to 29% by August 28.^[30] This scenario was considered a potential catastrophe because some parts of New Orleans and the metro area are below sea level. Since the storm surge produced by the hurricane's right-front quadrant (containing the strongest winds) was forecast to be 28 feet (8.5 m), emergency management officials in New Orleans feared that the storm surge could go over the tops of levees protecting the city, causing major flooding.^[31]
At a news conference at 10 am on August 28, shortly after Katrina was upgraded to a Category 5 storm, New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin ordered the first-ever mandatory evacuation of the city, calling Katrina "a storm that most of us have long feared
Many people living in the South Florida area were unaware when Katrina strengthened from a tropical storm to a hurricane in one day and struck southern Florida near the Miami-Dade – Broward county line. The
Florida Governor Jeb Bush declared a state of emergency on August 24 in advance of Hurricane Katrina's landfall in Florida. Shelters were opened and schools closed in several counties in the southern part of the state. A number of evacuation orders were also issued, mostly voluntary, although a mandatory evacuation was ordered for vulnerable housing in Martin County.^[34]
Alabama 2 Florida 14 Georgia 2 Kentucky 1 Louisiana 1,577* Mississippi 238 Ohio 2 Total 1,836 Missing 135^[35] *Includes out-of-state evacuees
counted by Louisiana
Mandeville. Several bridges were destroyed, including the I-10 Twin Span Bridge connecting Slidell to New Orleans.^[3] Almost 900,000 people in Louisiana lost power as a result of Hurricane Katrina
According to the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development, in St. Bernard Parish, 81% (20,229) of the housing units were damaged. In St. Tammany Parish, 70% (48,792) were damaged and in Placquemines Parish 80% (7,212) were damaged.^[47]
power failures prevented accurate measurement of wind speeds in New Orleans
An oil rig under construction along the Mobile River broke its moorings and floated 1.5 miles (2 km) northwards before striking the Cochrane Bridge just outside Mobile.
than 600,000 people lost power in Alabama
Katrina's storm surge led to 53 levee breaches in the federally built levee system protecting metro New Orleans and the failure of the 40 Arpent Canal levee. Nearly every levee in metro New Orleans was breached as Hurricane Katrina passed just east of the city limits
Most of the major roads traveling into and out of the city were damaged. The only routes out of the city were the westbound Crescent City Connection and the Huey P. Long Bridge, as large portions of the I-10 Twin Span Bridge traveling eastbound towards Slidell, Louisiana had collapsed. Both the Lake Pontchartrain Causeway and the Crescent City Connection only carried emergency traffic.^[49]
On August 29, at 7:40 am CDT, it was reported that most of the windows on the north side of the Hyatt Regency New Orleans had been blown out, and many other high rise buildings had extensive window damage.^[50] The Hyatt was the most severely damaged hotel in the city, with beds reported to be flying out of the windows. Insulation tubes were exposed as the hotel's glass exterior was completely sheared off.^[51]
The Superdome, which was sheltering many people who had not evacuated, sustained significant damage.^[52
Two sections of the Superdome's roof were compromised and the dome's waterproof membrane had essentially been peeled off. L
Levee breaches in New Orleans also caused a significant amount of deaths, with over 700 bodies recovered in New Orleans by October 23, 2005.^[54] Some survivors and evacuees reported seeing dead bodies lying in city streets and floating in still-flooded sections, especially in the east of the city. The advanced state of decomposition of many corpses, some of which were left in the water or sun for days before being collected, hindered efforts by coroners to identify many of the dead
Aftermath
The first deaths reported from the city were reported shortly before midnight on August 28, as three nursing home patients died during an evacuation to Baton Rouge, most likely from dehydration. While there were also early reports of fatalities amid mayhem at the Superdome, only six deaths were confirmed there, with four of these originating from natural causes, one from a drug overdose, and one a suicide. At the Convention Center, four bodies were recovered. One of the four is believed to be the result of a homicide.^[56]
Bush Administration sought $105 billion for repairs and reconstruction
Katrina redistributed over one million people from the central Gulf coast elsewhere across the United States, which became the largest diaspora in the history of the United States.^[75] Houston, Texas, had an increase of 35,000 people; Mobile, Alabama, gained over 24,000; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, over 15,000; and Hammond, Louisiana received over 10,000, nearly doubling its size. Chicago received over 6,000 people, the most of any non-southern city.^[76] By late January 2006, about 200,000 people were once again living in New Orleans, less than half of the pre-storm population.^[77] By July 1, 2006, when new population estimates were calculated by the U.S. Census Bureau, the state of Louisiana showed a population decline of 219,563, or 4.87%.^[78] Additionally, some insurance companies have stopped insuring homeowners in the area because of the high costs from Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, or have raised homeowners' insurance premiums to cover their risk.^[79]
Environmental effects

Katrina also had a profound impact on the environment. The storm surge caused substantial beach erosion, in some cases completely devastating coastal areas. In Dauphin Island, approximately 90 miles (150 km) to the east of the point where the hurricane made landfall, the sand that comprised the barrier island was transported across the island into the Mississippi Sound, pushing the island towards land.^[80] The storm surge and waves from Katrina also obliterated the Chandeleur Islands, which had been affected by Hurricane Ivan the previous year.^[81] The US Geological Survey has estimated 217 square miles (560 km²) of land was transformed to water by the hurricanes Katrina and Rita.^[82]

The lands that were lost were breeding grounds for marine mammals, brown pelicans, turtles, and fish, as well as migratory species such as redhead ducks.^[73] Overall, about 20% of the local marshes were permanently overrun by water as a result of the storm.^[73]

The damage from Katrina forced the closure of 16 National Wildlife Refuges. Breton National Wildlife Refuge lost half its area in the storm.^[83] As a result, the hurricane affected the habitats of sea turtles, Mississippi sandhill cranes, Red-cockaded woodpeckers and Alabama Beach mice.^[83]

Large oil spills caused by Hurricane Katrina Spills exceeding 10,000 US gallons (38,000 L)^[84]
Spill Location	Quantity
Spill Location	(US gal)	(L)
Bass Enterprises (Cox Bay)	3,780,000	14,300,000
Shell (Pilot Town)	1,050,000	4,000,000
Chevron (Empire)	991,000	3,750,000
Murphy Oil (Meraux and Chalmette)	819,000	3,100,000
Bass Enterprises (Pointe à la Hache)	461,000	1,750,000
Chevron (Port Fourchon)	53,000	200,000
Venice Energy Services (Venice)	25,000	95,000
Shell Pipeline Oil (Nairn)	13,440	50,900
Sundown Energy (West Potash)	13,000	49,000

The storm caused oil spills from 44 facilities throughout southeastern Louisiana, which resulted in over 7 million U.S. gallons (26 million L) of oil being leaked. Some spills were as small as a few hundred gallons; the largest are tabulated to the right. While most of the spills were contained on-site, some oil entered the ecosystem, and the town of Meraux was flooded with a blend of water and oil.^[84] Unlike Hurricane Ivan no offshore oil spills were officially reported after Hurricane Katrina. However, Skytruth reported some signs of surface oil in the Gulf of Mexico.^[84]

Finally, as part of the cleanup effort, the flood waters that covered New Orleans were pumped into Lake Pontchartrain, a process that took 43 days to complete.^[37] These residual waters contained a mix of raw sewage, bacteria, heavy metals, pesticides, toxic chemicals, and oil, which sparked fears in the scientific community of massive numbers of fish dying.^[73]

Prior to the storm, subsidence and erosion caused erosion in the Louisiana wetlands and bayous. This, along with the canals built in the area, allowed for Katrina to maintain more of its intensity when it struck.^[85]

One apartment complex with approximately thirty residents seeking shelter inside collapsed. More than half of the 13 casinos in the state, which were floated on barges to comply with Mississippi land-based gambling laws, were washed hundreds of yards inland by waves.^[58]
Shortly after the hurricane moved away on August 30, 2005, some residents of New Orleans who remained in the city began looting stores. Many were in search of food and water that were not available to them through any other means, as well as non-essential items.^[86]
Reports of carjacking, murders, thefts, and rapes in New Orleans flooded the news. Some sources later determined that many of the reports were inaccurate, because of the confusion.^[87] Thousands of National Guard and federal troops were mobilized (the total went from 7,841 in the area the day Katrina hit to a maximum of 46,838 on September 10) and sent to Louisiana along with numbers of local law enforcement agents from across the country who were temporarily deputized by the state. "They have M16s and are locked and loaded. These troops know how to shoot and kill and I expect they will," Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco said. Congressman Bill Jefferson (D-LA) told ABC News: "There was shooting going on. There was sniping going on. Over the first week of September, law and order were gradually restored to the city."^[88] Several shootings occurred between police and New Orleans residents, some involving police misconduct; including a fatal incident at Danziger Bridge.^[89]
A number of arrests were made throughout the affected area, including some near the New Orleans Convention Center. A temporary jail was constructed of chain link cages in the city train station.^[90]
In Texas, where more than 300,000 refugees were located, local officials ran 20,000 criminal background checks on the refugees, as well as on the relief workers helping them and people who opened up their homes. The background checks found that 45% of the refugees had a criminal record of some nature, and that 22% had a violent criminal record.^[91] The number of homicides in Houston from September 2005 through February 22, 2006 went up by 23% relative to the same period a year before; 29 of the 170 murders involved displaced Louisianans as victims or suspects.^[92]

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08 Sep 11

jnt8686

Katrina

Katrina's storm surge led to 53 levee breaches in the federally built levee system protecting metro New Orleans and the failure of the 40 Arpent Canal levee. Nearly every levee in metro New Orleans was breached as Hurricane Katrina passed just east of the city limits. Failures occurred in New Orleans and surrounding communities, especially St. Bernard Parish. The Mississippi River Gulf Outlet (MR-GO) breached its levees in approximately 20 places, flooding much of east New Orleans, most of Saint Bernard Parish and the East Bank of Plaquemines Parish. The major levee breaches in the city included breaches at the 17th Street Canal levee, the London Avenue Canal, and the wide, navigable Industrial Canal, which left approximately 80% of the city flooded.^[45]
The Superdome, which was sheltering many people who had not evacuated, sustained significant damage.^[49] Two sections of the Superdome's roof were compromised and the dome's waterproof membrane had essentially been peeled off. Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport was closed before the storm but did not flood. On August 30, it was reopened to humanitarian and rescue operations. Limited commercial passenger service resumed at the airport on September 13 and regular carrier operations resumed in early October.^[50]

22 Jul 11

Judy Gressel

katrina links wikipedia

22 Feb 11

Marc O'Driscoll

Hurricane Katrina formed as Trop
Hurricane Katrina formed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23, 2005
The system was upgraded to tropical storm status on the morning of August 24 and at this point, the storm was given the name Katrina.
Hurricane Katrina formed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23, 2005
Hurricane Katrina formed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23, 2005
Hurricane Katrina formed as Tropical Depression Twelve over the southeastern Bahamas on August 23, 2005

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15 Feb 11

S E

The hurricane protection failures in New Orleans prompted a lawsuit against the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), the builders of the levee system as mandated in the Flood Control Act of 1965. Responsibility for the failures and flooding was laid squarely on the Army Corps in January 2008, but the federal agency could not be held financially liable due to sovereign immunity in the Flood Control Act of 1928. There was also an investigation of the responses from federal, state and local governments, resulting in the resignation of Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) director Michael D. Brown, and of New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) Superintendent Eddie Compass. Conversely, the United States Coast Guard (USCG), National Hurricane Center (NHC) and National Weather Service (NWS) were widely commended for their actions, accurate forecasts and abundant lead time.^[5]
American Society of Civil Engineers indicated that two-thirds of the flooding were caused by the multiple failures of the city's floodwalls.^[34
The total damage from Katrina is estimated at $81.2 billion
disaster response and planning is first and foremost a local government responsibility. When local government exhausts its resources, it then requests specific additional resources from the county level.
Some disaster recovery response to Katrina began before the storm, with Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) preparations that ranged from logistical supply deployments to a mortuary team with refrigerated trucks
FEMA provided housing assistance (rental assistance, trailers, etc.) to more than 700,000 applicants—families and individuals. However, only one-fifth of the trailers requested in Orleans Parish were supplied, resulting in an enormous housing shortage in the city of New Orleans.^[103] Many local areas voted to not allow the trailers, and many areas had no utilities, a requirement prior to placing the trailers. To provide for additional housing, FEMA has also paid for the hotel costs of 12,000 individuals and families displaced by Katrina through February 7, 2006, when a final deadline was set for the end of hotel cost coverage. After this deadline, evacuees were still eligible to receive federal assistance, which could be used towards either apartment rent, additional hotel stays, or fixing their ruined homes, although FEMA no longer paid for hotels directly.^[104] As of March 30, 2010, there were still 260 families living in FEMA-provided trailers in Louisiana and Mississippi
The criticisms of the government's response to Hurricane Katrina primarily consisted of criticism of mismanagement and lack of leadership in the relief efforts in response to the storm and its aftermath. More specifically,
he delayed respons
However, the President and Secretary Chertoff initially came under harsh criticism for what some perceived as a lack of planning and coordination. Brown claimed that Governor Blanco resisted their efforts and was unhelpful. Governor Blanco and her staff disputed this.^[111] Eight days later, Brown was recalled to Washington and Coast Guard Vice Admiral Thad W. Allen replaced him as chief of hurricane relief operations.
FEMA and the Red Cross "did not have a logistics capacity sophisticated enough to fully support the massive number of Gulf coast victims." Additionally, it placed responsibility for the disaster on all three levels of government.^[5]

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04 Feb 11

Dmitri S

25 Jan 11

Jeremy D

19 Jan 11

Goldn Locks

Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest hurricanes, in the history of the United States. ...it was the sixth strongest overall. At least 1,836 people lost their lives

dirtythoughts wikipedia

03 Jan 11

Amy Oberts

MonarchResources2011

04 May 10

Becky Zhang

hurricane katrina 2005 wikipedia

it was the sixth strongest overall.
Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005 and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane, causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico. The storm weakened before making its second landfall as a Category 3 storm on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana. It caused severe destruction along the Gulf coast from central Florida to Texas, much of it due to the storm surge. The most severe loss of life occurred in New Orleans, Louisiana, which flooded as the levee system catastrophically failed, in many cases hours after the storm had moved inland.^[3] Eventually 80% of the city and large tracts of neighboring parishes became flooded, and the floodwaters lingered for weeks.^[3] However, the worst property damage occurred in coastal areas, such as all Mississippi beachfront towns, which were flooded over 90% in hours, as boats and casino barges rammed buildings, pushing cars and houses inland, with waters reaching 6–12 miles (10–19 km) from the beach.

16 Apr 10

ashley joslyn

hurricane katrina 2005

08 Mar 10

Katanna Linn

formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005 and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane, causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico.
weakened before making its second landfall as a Category 3 storm on the morning of Monday, August 29 in southeast Louisiana.
At least 1,836 people lost their lives in the actual hurricane and in the subsequent floods, making it the deadliest U.S. hurricane since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane.
largest natural disaster in the history of the United States. Preliminary damage estimates were well in excess of $100 billion, eclipsing many times the damage wrought by Hurricane Andrew in 1992."^[
formed as Tropical Depression Twelve
aused 53 different levee breaches in greater New Orleans submerging eighty percent of the city.
e confirmed death toll (total of direct and indirect deaths) stood at 1,836, mainly from Louisiana (1,577) and Mississippi (238).^[1]^[2]^[35] However, 705 people remain categorized as missing in Louisiana
$89.6 billion
The storm surge caused substantial beach erosion, in some cases completely devastating coastal areas.
The lands that were lost were breeding grounds for marine mammals, brown pelicans, turtles, and fish, as well as migratory species such as redhead ducks.^[68] Overall, about 20% of the local marshes were permanently overrun by water as a result of the storm

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05 Mar 10

Jade Christie

urricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane,^[3]^[4] as well as one of the five deadliest,
At least 1,836 people lost their lives in the actual hurricane and in the subsequent floods, making it the deadliest U.S. hurricane since the 1928 Okeechobee hurricane
Four years later, thousands of displaced residents in Mississippi and Louisiana were still living in trailers.
As the eye of Hurricane Katrina swept to the northeast, it subjected the city to hurricane conditions for hours.
Most of the major roads traveling into and out of the city were damaged

3 more annotations...

20 Jan 10

Mikayla MENKES

Hurricane Katrina of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the costliest hurricane,^[3]^[4] as well as one of the five deadliest, in the history of the United States.^[5] Among recorded Atlantic hurricanes, it was the sixth strongest overall.

Hurricane Katrina formed over the Bahamas on August 23, 2005 and crossed southern Florida as a moderate Category 1 hurricane, causing some deaths and flooding there before strengthening rapidly in the Gulf of Mexico

14 Apr 09

hurricanes hurricane_katrina geography_course3 hurrikaanit_hurricanes

01 Apr 09

Greg Morga

Representative Stephen Buyer (R-IN) inquired as to why President Bush's declaration of state of emergency of August 27 had not included the coastal parishes of Orleans, Jefferson, and Plaquemines.^[16] (In fact, the declaration did not include any of Louisiana's coastal parishes, whereas the coastal counties were included in the declarations for Mississippi^[17] and Alabama.^[18]) Brown testified that this was because Louisiana Governor Blanco had not included those parishes in her initial request for aid, a decision that he found "shocking." After the hearing, Blanco released a copy of her letter, which showed she had requested assistance for "all the southeastern parishes including the New Orleans Metropolitan area and the mid state Interstate I-49 corridor and northern parishes along the I-20 corridor that are accepting [evacuated citizens]."^[19]
By August 26, the possibility of unprecedented cataclysm was already being considered. Many of the computer models had shifted the potential path of Katrina 150 miles (240 km) westward from the Florida Panhandle, putting the city of New Orleans directly in the center of their track probabilities; the chances of a direct hit were forecast at 17%, with strike probability rising to 29% by August 28.^[24] This scenario was considered a potential catastrophe because some parts of New Orleans and the metro area are below sea level.
At a news conference at 10 a.m. on August 28, shortly after Katrina was upgraded to a Category 5 storm, New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin ordered the first-ever mandatory evacuation of the city, calling Katrina "a storm that most of us have long feared.
Within the United States and as delineated in the National Response Plan, disaster response and planning is first and foremost a local government responsibility. When local government exhausts its resources, it then requests specific additional resources from the county level.
The criticisms of the government's response to Hurricane Katrina primarily consisted of condemnations of mismanagement and lack of leadership in the relief efforts in response to the storm and its aftermath. More specifically, the criticism focused on the delayed response to the flooding of New Orleans, and the subsequent state of chaos in the Crescent City.^[45] The neologism Katrinagate was coined to refer to this controversy, and was a runner-up for "2005 word of the year."^[96]
Perhaps the most important criticism of Nagin was that he delayed his emergency evacuation order until 19 hours before landfall, which led to hundreds of deaths of people who (by that time) could not find any way out of the city.
An ABC News Poll conducted on September 2, 2005, showed slightly more blame was being directed at state and local governments (75%) than at the Federal government (67%), with 44% blaming President Bush's leadership directly.^[102] A later CNN/USATODAY/Gallup poll showed that respondents disagreed widely on who was to blame for the problems in the city following the hurricane — 13% said Bush, 18% said federal agencies, 25% blamed state or local officials and 38% said no one was to blame.^[103]

5 more annotations...

29 Dec 07

Brian Fitzgerald

28 Oct 07

zidane8 Sanchez

In a September 26, 2005 hearing, Michael Brown was questioned by Republican members of Congress about FEMA's response. During that hearing, Representative Stephen Buyer (R-IN) inquired as to why Bush's declaration did not include Orleans, Jefferson, or Plaquemines parishes.^[13] (In fact, the declaration did not include any of Louisiana's coastal parishes, whereas the coastal counties were included in the declarations for Mississippi^[14] and Alabama.^[15]) Brown testified that this was because Governor Blanco had not included those parishes in her initial request for aid, a decision that he found "shocking." After the hearing, though, Blanco released a copy of her letter, which requested assistance for "all the southeastern parishes including the New Orleans Metropolitan area and the mid state Interstate I-49 corridor and northern parishes along the I-20 corridor that are accepting [evacuated citizens]."^[16]
Katrina redistributed New Orleans' population across the southern United States. Houston, Texas, had an increase of 35,000 people; Mobile, Alabama, gained over 24,000; Baton Rouge, Louisiana, over 15,000; and Hammond, Louisiana received over 10,000, nearly doubling its size. Chicago received over 6,000 people, the most of any non-southern city
Shortly after the hurricane moved away on August 30, 2005, some residents of New Orleans who remained in the city began looting stores. Many were in search of food and water that were not available to them through any other means as well as non essential items.^[68]

Reports of carjacking, murders, thefts, and rapes in New Orleans flooded the news