This link has been bookmarked by 25 people . It was first bookmarked on 28 Jul 2006, by Todd Suomela.
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The cultural-historical theory of activity was initiated by a group of revolutionary Russian psychologists in the 1920s and 1930s. The approach was Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and his colleagues A. N. Leont'ev and A. R. Luria. They formulated a completely new theoretical concept to transcend the prevailing understanding of psychology which was then dominated by psychoanalysis and behaviorism. This new orientation was a model of artifact-mediated and object-oriented action (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 40).
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The attempt at correlating context, participants and texts as interactants in communicative events suggests the possibility of interpreting their interrelationship by applying the tri-stratal analysis of social activity (Leontiev, 1981: 59-69). This framework helps us to understand activities, actions and operations performed by participants and to reveal their motives, goals and instrumental conditions, respectively. For Leontiev, the concept of activity answers to a specific need of the active agent: it moves toward the object of this need and terminates when it is satisfied. Consequently, the concept of activity is necessarily connected with the concept of motive. Activities are translated into reality through a specific or a set of actions which are subordinated to the idea of having a conscious goal. Comparatively, activities and actions are genuinely diverse realities which do not coincide: one action can be instrumental in realizing different activities; conversely, one motive can give rise to different goals and, accordingly, can produce different actions. Actions are developed through operations which are concerned with conditions. The distinction between actions and operations emerges clearly in the case of actions involving tools: while actions are connected to conscious goals, operations are related to routinized behaviors performed automatically, without including the same level of consciousness.
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The attempt at correlating context, participants and texts as interactants in communicative events suggests the possibility of interpreting their interrelationship by applying the tri-stratal analysis of social activity (Leontiev, 1981: 59-69). This framework helps us to understand activities, actions and operations performed by participants and to reveal their motives, goals and instrumental conditions, respectively. For Leontiev, the concept of activity answers to a specific need of the active agent: it moves toward the object of this need and terminates when it is satisfied. Consequently, the concept of activity is necessarily connected with the concept of motive. Activities are translated into reality through a specific or a set of actions which are subordinated to the idea of having a conscious goal. Comparatively, activities and actions are genuinely diverse realities which do not coincide: one action can be instrumental in realizing different activities; conversely, one motive can give rise to different goals and, accordingly, can produce different actions. Actions are developed through operations which are concerned with conditions. The distinction between actions and operations emerges clearly in the case of actions involving tools: while actions are connected to conscious goals, operations are related to routinized behaviors performed automatically, without including the same level of consciousness.
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The attempt at correlating context, participants and texts as interactants in communicative events suggests the possibility of interpreting their interrelationship by applying the tri-stratal analysis of social activity (Leontiev, 1981: 59-69). This framework helps us to understand activities, actions and operations performed by participants and to reveal their motives, goals and instrumental conditions, respectively. For Leontiev, the concept of activity answers to a specific need of the active agent: it moves toward the object of this need and terminates when it is satisfied. Consequently, the concept of activity is necessarily connected with the concept of motive. Activities are translated into reality through a specific or a set of actions which are subordinated to the idea of having a conscious goal. Comparatively, activities and actions are genuinely diverse realities which do not coincide: one action can be instrumental in realizing different activities; conversely, one motive can give rise to different goals and, accordingly, can produce different actions. Actions are developed through operations which are concerned with conditions. The distinction between actions and operations emerges clearly in the case of actions involving tools: while actions are connected to conscious goals, operations are related to routinized behaviors performed automatically, without including the same level of consciousness.
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02 Dec 04
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